Investigating the Effects of Plant Hormones on Intercellular Trafficking via Plasmodesmata

研究植物激素对胞间连丝运输的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10538215
负责人：
Amie F. Sankoh
金额：
$ 4.25万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE KNOXVILLE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-08-01 至 2023-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10538215
关键词：
Agriculture Auxins Biological Biotechnology Caliber Cell Communication Cell Wall Cell membrane Cell physiology Cells Cellular biology Communication Complex Confocal Microscopy Cytoplasm Development Electron Microscopy Endocytosis Endoplasmic Reticulum Excision Exposure to Glucans Growth Hormonal Hormones Infection Ions Length Measures Mediating Membrane Messenger RNA Metabolism Microscopic Microscopy Modification Molecular Molecular Biology Movement Nicotiana Pathway interactions Permeability Pharmacology Plant Components Plant Growth Regulators Plant Leaves Plants Plasmodesmata Play Process Proteins Research Research Proposals Role Route Salicylic Acids Scientist Signal Transduction Signaling Molecule Site Small RNA Structure Techniques Time Tissues Transmission Electron Microscopy Twin Multiple Birth Water base callose defense response hormonal signals intercellular communication interest jasmonic acid macromolecule mutant nanopore pathogen plant growth/development response small molecule sugar trafficking trait transcription factor

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Plasmodesmata (PD), plasma membrane-lined pores in the plant cell walls, allow trafficking of small molecules, macromolecules, metabolites, signaling molecules and including hormones from one plant cell to another. Several hormones have been found to traffic between cells via PD. Interestingly, salicylic acid (SA), a plant defense hormone, does not traffic via PD but through the apoplast. Nonetheless, SA is a critical hormonal signal that negatively regulates cell-to-cell permeability in response to pathogen infection. Previous studies have shown SA to regulate PD through regulated callose accumulation along the pores. A second effect of PD is to induce the insertion of additional pores at existing PD leading to the formation of complex (branched) pores. Because PD are very important for plant growth, development, and defense, we seek to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in regulating PD function and formation. This study will focus on investigating the cellular mechanisms of how SA regulates intercellular trafficking by adjusting PD permeability. These studies will apply a combination of advanced microscopic techniques and cell and molecular biology approaches to study how SA is connected to PD transport in epidermal leaf tissues of Nicotiana benthamiana. The specific aims of the research will determine the effects of SA alone or in combination with another defense hormone, jasmonic acid, on PD structure and function. We will also investigate how the concentration of SA and/or JA change PD permeability based on various times after exposure to the hormone (Aim 1); determine PD structure and the number of PD in SA-treated tissues relative to untreated controls to examine hormone effects on PD formation (Aim 2); determine the effect of SA on endocytosis and ER-PM contact sites as part of the process inserting new pores into existing cell walls, (Aim 3). The results from this research will advance understanding of how hormones influence intercellular trafficking and PD, and they will be of interest to basic plant scientists and agricultural scientists.

项目摘要/摘要浆膜肿块（PD），植物细胞壁中的质膜衬里，允许贩运小分子，大分子，代谢产物，信号分子以及包括来自的激素一个植物细胞到另一个。已经发现几种激素通过PD在细胞之间交通。有趣的是，水杨酸（SA）是一种植物防御激素，不通过PD进行交通，而是通过凋亡。尽管如此，SA还是一个关键的激素信号，对细胞到细胞进行负调节响应病原体感染的渗透性。先前的研究表明SA调节PD 通过沿毛孔的调节的callo积积累。 PD的第二个效果是诱导在现有PD处插入其他孔，导致形成复合物（分支）孔。由于PD对于植物生长，开发和防御非常重要，因此我们寻求了解调节PD功能和形成涉及的分子机制。这研究将着重研究SA调节细胞间的细胞机制通过调整PD渗透性来贩运。这些研究将采用高级微观技术，细胞和分子生物学方法研究SA如何连接在烟熏本米那的表皮叶组织中运输PD。特定目标研究将确定单独或与另一种防御激素结合的影响，茉莉酸，PD结构和功能。我们还将研究SA的浓度如何和/或JA根据暴露于激素后的不同时间更改PD渗透率（AIM 1）;确定相对于未处理的SA处理组织中的PD结构和PD数控制激素对PD形成的影响（AIM 2）；确定SA对内吞作用和ER-PM接触位点，作为该过程的一部分，将新毛孔插入现有细胞墙壁，（目标3）。这项研究的结果将提高人们对激素的理解影响细胞间贩运和PD，它们将对基本植物科学家和农业科学家。