Community-based air toxics monitoring during rapid environmental change in industrialized neighborhoods

工业化社区环境快速变化期间基于社区的空气毒物监测

基本信息

批准号：
10510816
负责人：
Jane Ellen Clougherty
金额：
$ 23.7万
依托单位：
DREXEL UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-07-01 至 2024-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10510816
关键词：
Address Advocacy Advocate African American Air Air Pollution Benzene Cities Collaborations Communities Community Health Complex Country Data Data Sources Environmental Health Environmental Monitoring Epidemiology Event Excision Explosion Fire - disasters Funding Future Goals Government Health Hispanic Home Hour Hydrocarbons Hydrogen Fluoride Industrialization International Journals Learning Logistics Maps Meteorology Methods Modeling Monitor Neighborhoods New York Oils Persons Philadelphia Plant Roots Policies Pollution Poverty Process Public Health Schools Race Reporting Rewards Risk Rivers Scientist Seasons Services Shelter facility Shipping Site Source Spatial Distribution System Time Toluene United States Environmental Protection Agency Update Urban Community Work Xylene base climate change college cost density design distrust environmental change environmental justice epidemiology study ethylbenzene experience fighting improved land use low socioeconomic status member operation people of color racism reconstruction social stressor spatiotemporal temporal measurement urban health disparities volatile organic compound vulnerable community

Address Advocacy Advocate African American Air Air Pollution Benzene Cities Collaborations Communities Community Health Complex Country Data Data Sources Environmental Health Environmental Monitoring Epidemiology Event Excision Explosion Fire - disasters Funding Future Goals Government Health Hispanic Home Hour Hydrocarbons Hydrogen Fluoride Industrialization International Journals Learning Logistics Maps Meteorology Methods Modeling Monitor Neighborhoods New York Oils Persons Philadelphia Plant Roots Policies Pollution Poverty Process Public Health Schools Race Reporting Rewards Risk Rivers Scientist Seasons Services Shelter facility Shipping Site Source Spatial Distribution System Time Toluene United States Environmental Protection Agency Update Urban Community Work Xylene base climate change college cost density design distrust environmental change environmental justice epidemiology study ethylbenzene experience fighting improved land use low socioeconomic status member operation people of color racism reconstruction social stressor spatiotemporal temporal measurement urban health disparities volatile organic compound vulnerable community

展开

项目摘要

In June 2019, a massive explosion at the east coast’s largest oil refinery shook buildings across South Philadelphia.1 Residents were told to shelter-in-place while 676,000 pounds of hydrocarbons and 3,271 pounds of deadly hydrogen fluoride (HF) washed over their neighborhood,2,3 and the city health department assured residents that there was no evidence of a health risk.4-6 Two years later, the non-operational Philadelphia Energy Solutions (PES) complex remains the 2nd-highest benzene-emitting refinery in the U.S..7 Despite substantial emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during decommissioning and demolition, little data has been made available to residents; the one local EPA Air Quality System (AQS) monitor for VOCs operates only every 6th day, and required fenceline monitoring washes out peak events in 2-week averages.8,9 Neither data source has been updated online since March 2020.10-12 Our key goal is to collaborate with Philly Thrive – an environmental justice organization with a primary constituency of fenceline residents - to design and establish a community-scale air toxics monitoring network, to capture and report on-going exposures throughout decommissioning and reconstruction, in this vulnerable community. Residents near refineries and petrochemical complexes are disproportionately African-American, 61% are persons of color, and 45% live in poverty.7,15 The confluence of social stressors and pollution exposures surrounding this site – and the model for community-based monitoring design that we are developing - has relevance and utility for fenceline communities nationwide. Hispanic, and of lower socioeconomic position (SEP);13,14 here, over 300,000 people live within 3 miles; By establishing a high-density, community-scale BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene) VOC monitoring network, we will assess both where exposures are elevated, and when changes in source activity and meteorology increase exposures. Throughout the planned 10-year decommissioning process – which will include removal of 950 miles of pipe, dozens of storage tanks, and underground benzene ‘pools’19,20 - our monitoring system will provide critical reassurance to the community when concentrations are low, and a means for advocating for improvement when concentrations are high - with the credibility of third-party academic scientists with an established relationship with the community. Our study will vastly improve spatial and temporal resolution over the current sparse monitoring, towards reducing exposures, and powerful levers towards advocating for cleaner processes. providing critical information We will seek further funding to maintain the system over the 10-year decommissioning and reconstruction process. Data and land use regression (LUR) models produced will greatly improve spatio-temporal exposure assessment for on-going and planned epidemiologic studies. This work will provide an important model for environmental monitoring in urban communities undergoing rapid environmental change,21,22 and directly improve studies of VOCs and health.23

2019年6月，东海岸最大的炼油厂射击建筑物大规模爆炸费城。1居民被告知要住所，而676,000磅的碳氢化合物和3,271磅致命的氟化氢（HF）在其附近洗涤2,3，城市卫生部门假设居民没有任何证据表明健康风险。4-6两年后，非运营的费城能源尽管大量在退役和拆除期间，挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的排放很少提供给居民；一个本地EPA空气质量系统（AQS）监视器仅操作每个第六天，所需的围栏监视可以在2周平均水中洗净峰值事件。8,9均未数据源自2020.10-12以来一直在线更新我们的主要目标是与费城蓬勃发展 - 一个主要的环境正义组织围栏居民的选区 - 设计和建立一个社区规模的空气毒物监测网络，以在此脆弱的情况下，在退役和重建过程中捕获并报告正在进行的暴露社区。炼油厂和石化络合物附近的居民是非裔美国人， 61％是有色人种，有45％的人生活在贫困中。7,15社会压力和污染暴露的汇合处围绕该网站以及我们正在开发的基于社区的监视设计的模型 - 全国范围内围栏社区的相关性和效用。西班牙裔，较低的社会经济地位（9月）； 13,14，超过30万人居住在3英里以内；通过建立高密度的社区尺度BTEX（苯，甲苯，乙烯，二甲苯）VOC 监视网络，我们将评估暴露的位置以及源活动变化时气象增加了暴露。通过计划的10年退役过程 - 将包括拆除950英里的管道，数十个储罐和地下苯泳池'19,20-我们的当浓度较低时，监测系统将为社区提供关键的保证，这是一种手段提倡在集中度很高时提倡改进 - 具有第三方学术的信誉与社区建立关系的科学家。我们的研究将大大改善空间和临时性通过当前稀疏监测，减少暴露和强大的杠杆旨在提倡更清洁的过程。提供关键信息我们将寻求进一步的资金来维护系统在10年的退役和重建过程中。数据和土地利用回归（LUR）模型生产将大大改善持续和计划流行病学的时空暴露评估研究。这项工作将为城市社区的环境监测提供一个重要的模型经历快速的环境变化，21,22，直接改善了对VOC和健康的研究。23