Routes to Environmental Justice: Assessment of Ambient Environmental Exposures for Safe Routes to School Programs

环境正义之路：评估周围环境暴露，确保安全上学路线计划

基本信息

批准号：
10507655
负责人：
Kevin Lai Lanza
金额：
$ 15.76万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-01 至 2025-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10507655
关键词：
Accelerometer Adult Age Air Air Pollutants Air Pollution Area Behavior Bicycling Blood flow Body Temperature Child Child Health Climate Color Communities Commuting Data Development Plans Diabetes Mellitus Effectiveness of Interventions Enrollment Environment Environmental Exposure Evaluation Exposure to Familiarity Feasibility Studies Health Health behavior Heat Stress Disorders Home Incentives Infrastructure Injury Intervention Investments Learning Literature Low income Malignant Neoplasms Measures Methods Modeling Municipalities Neighborhoods Output Parents Participant Personal Satisfaction Physical activity Plants Policies Public Health Schools Research Research Personnel Risk Route Safety Sampling School-Age Population Schools Skin Statistical Data Interpretation Students Surveys Techniques Temperature Testing Texas Training Transportation Travel Trees Urbanization Walking austin built environment cardiovascular disorder risk career development climate change cohort community based participatory research cost design environmental intervention environmental justice experience extreme heat fifth grade health equity innovation post intervention programs recruit safety education school environment sensor spatiotemporal third grade

项目摘要

Less than one-half of U.S. children age 6–11 are reaching recommended levels of physical activity, a health behavior that tracks into adulthood and reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Significant investment has been directed towards creating healthy environments for school-age children including Safe Routes to School (SRTS), a national program that includes improvements to sidewalks, crosswalks, and bicycle lanes. SRTS has been shown to increase the percentage of children active commuting to school; however, high ambient temperatures may serve as a barrier to engaging in outdoor physical activity due to thermal discomfort. Understanding the impact of SRTS on children's heat stress as measured by wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and physical activity levels is critical for health equity, especially in Texas where children in low-income communities and communities of color live in areas less supportive of physical activity and disproportionately higher ambient temperatures due to discriminatory policies and ongoing disinvestment. The proposed research leverages the STREETS study—a pre- and post-assessment of SRTS in Austin, Texas, on child physical activity—to propose three specific aims: 1) construct ambient exposure estimates of WBGT on school routes pre- and post-intervention and in home neighborhoods using spatially- and temporally-refined modeling and GPS units; 2) determine how ambient temperatures and the built environment are associated with active school commuting; and 3) identify methods to measure and document how children and their parents experience and perceive ambient environmental exposures. Using spatiotemporal modeling within GIS and formulae in the literature, WBGT will be estimated for all school routes taken by 462 students enrolled in the STREETS cohort (320 students from 23 schools receiving SRTS; 142 students from 10 schools not receiving SRTS) who were tasked with wearing accelerometers and GPS units for seven consecutive days over four periods (2018–2022) before and after SRTS implementation. Linear mixed-effects modeling will be used to determine the relations between WBGT, built environment, and child physical activity. To learn how children and their parents experience and perceive ambient environmental exposures, participatory methods (surveys, mapping, sensors) will be tested with 40 third grade students and their parents recruited by purposive sampling from schools enrolled in the STREETS study. To become an independent investigator specializing in climate equity, the candidate developed a career development plan with three training objectives: 1) to become proficient in working with ambient environmental data, in particular downscaled model outputs; 2) to develop expertise in conducting advanced statistical analyses commonly applied in exposure and health studies; and 3) to acquire familiarity with the design and techniques of community-based participatory research. Career development will mainly take place at the Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living at UTHealth School of Public Health in Austin.

不到一半的 6 至 11 岁美国儿童达到了建议的体力活动水平，这是一项健康指标这些行为会一直延续到成年并降低患心血管疾病、糖尿病和癌症的风险。大量投资用于为学龄儿童创造健康的环境包括安全上学路线 (SRTS)，这是一项包括改善人行道的国家计划，人行横道和自行车道已被证明可以增加儿童积极通勤的比例。然而，较高的环境温度可能会成为进行户外体育活动的障碍了解 SRTS 对儿童热应激（通过湿法测量）的影响。灯泡温度 (WBGT) 和体力活动水平对于健康公平至关重要，尤其是在德克萨斯州低收入社区和有色人种社区的儿童生活在身体条件较差的地区由于歧视性政策和持续存在的活动和不成比例的较高环境温度拟议的研究利用了 STREETS 研究——SRTS 的事前和事后评估。德克萨斯州奥斯汀关于儿童体育活动的研究提出了三个具体目标：1）构建环境暴露使用空间估计干预前后学校路线以及家庭社区的 WBGT 以及时间细化的建模和 GPS 单位；2) 确定环境温度和建筑的情况环境与活跃的学校通勤有关；3) 确定测量和记录的方法儿童及其父母如何体验和感知周围环境暴露。 GIS 内的时空建模和文献中的公式，将为所有学校路线估计 WBGT 由参加 STREETS 队列的 462 名学生进行拍摄（来自 23 所接受 SRTS 学校的 320 名学生；142 来自 10 所未接受 SRTS 学校的学生，他们的任务是佩戴加速计和 GPS 装置 SRTS 实施前后四个时期（2018 年至 2022 年）连续 7 天。混合效应建模将用于确定 WBGT、建筑环境和儿童之间的关系了解孩子及其父母如何体验和感知周围环境。将对 40 名三年级学生进行暴露、参与式方法（调查、测绘、传感器）测试他们的父母是通过有目的地抽样从参与街道研究的学校中招募的。专门研究公平环境的独立调查员，候选人制定了职业发展计划具有三个培训目标：1）熟练使用周围环境数据，特别是缩小模型输出；2) 培养普遍进行高级统计分析的专业知识应用于暴露和健康研究；3) 熟悉设计和技术基于社区的参与性研究将主要在 Michael & Susan 进行。位于奥斯汀的 UTHealth 公共卫生学院的戴尔健康生活中心。