The Health Impacts of Long-Run Exposure to Pollution in Adulthood and Later Life: Evidence from the US Army

成年期和晚年长期接触污染对健康的影响：来自美国陆军的证据

基本信息

批准号：
10493393
负责人：
Adriana Lleras-Muney
金额：
$ 18.24万
依托单位：
NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-30 至 2024-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10493393
关键词：
Accounting Address Administrative Personnel Adult Affect Air Pollution Army Personnel Attention Cardiovascular Diseases Caring Characteristics Cities Consumption Data Databases Development Disease Drug Prescriptions Elderly Exposure to Future Health Health Insurance Health Services Accessibility Health Status Healthcare Hospitalization Human Resources Individual Life Cycle Stages Link Location Long-Term Effects Malignant neoplasm of lung Measurement Measures Medical Methodology Military Personnel Modification Morbidity - disease rate Observational Study Occupations Outcome Outcome Study Participant Persons Physicians Policy Making Pollution Records Resources Running Source Statistical Models Time United States Department of Veterans Affairs Variant Veterans Visit Workplace base cardiorespiratory fitness disability experience fine particles health care availability improved insurance claims interest middle age mortality multiple data sources young adult

项目摘要

OTHER PROJECT INFORMATION – Project Summary/Abstract The Health Impacts of Long-Run Exposure to Pollution in Adulthood and Later Life: Evidence from the US Army A large body of observational studies link long-term pollution exposure to health harms, most notably mortality from cardiovascular disease and lung cancer (Dockery et al. 1993; Pope et al. 2004; Laden et al. 2006; Miller et al. 2007; Brook et al. 2010; Cerza et al. 2019; Lim et al. 2018; Qiu et al. 2018; Lipsett et al. 2011; Hoek et al. 2013, Beelen et al. 2014, Kaufman et al. 2016; Crouse et al. 2019). Since the original “Six Cities” study, many methodological advances have been made to better isolate a causal relationship between long-term pollution exposure and health. One factor that has received considerably less attention is the potential for confounding due to people’s ability to choose where they live. People can move to particular locations based on, at least in part, air pollution levels in that location. If people with more information and greater resources are more likely to move to locations with lower pollution (Banzhaf and Walsh, 2008; Gamper-Rabindran and Timmins, 2011, Finney, Goetzke and Yoon, 2011), it makes it challenging to distinguish whether poor health is caused by long- term exposure to pollution or by the myriad of other factors correlated with pollution. In this project, we aim to address these issues of residential confounding by focusing on military personnel. Military personnel are an ideal group for this purpose because they are constrained in their ability to choose residential locations to avoid pollution—their moves are determined by the needs of the Army. Therefore, pollution exposures for this group are likely to be independent from the multitude of other factors that affect health. Moreover, military personnel have uniform access to health care, such that the outcomes we study are unlikely to reflect access to care or ability to pay, but instead reflect underlying demand for medical care due to disease. Additionally, rich administrative data enables us to track the location and health care usage of personnel over long periods of time. We can integrate administrative data from multiple sources, including the Total Army Personnel Database, Tricare health care claims, and annual snapshots from the Veterans Health Agency in the Department of Veteran’s Affairs.

其他项目信息 - 项目摘要/摘要成年期和晚年长期接触污染对健康的影响：来自美国陆军大量观察性研究将长期接触污染与健康危害（最显着的死亡率）联系起来心血管疾病和肺癌（Dockery 等人，1993 年；Pope 等人，2004 年；Laden 等人，2006 年；Miller 等人，2006 年） 2007；Cerza 等人，2018； 2013 年，Beelen 等人，2014 年；Crouse 等人，2019 年）。方法论上的进步可以更好地分离长期污染之间的因果关系暴露和健康的潜在混淆是一个受到较少关注的因素。由于人们有能力选择居住地点，至少可以根据情况搬到特定地点。如果人们拥有更多的信息和更多的资源，那么该地区的空气污染水平就更有可能。搬到污染较低的地方（Banzhaf 和 Walsh，2008 年；Gamper-Rabindran 和 Timmins，2011 年， Finney、Goetzke 和 Yoon，2011），这使得区分健康状况不佳是否是由长期术语暴露于污染或与污染相关的无数其他因素。在这个项目中，我们的目标是通过关注军事人员来解决这些居住混乱问题。军人是实现这一目的的理想群体，因为他们的选择能力受到限制居民区以避免污染——他们的搬迁是根据陆军的需要决定的。该群体的污染暴露可能独立于影响环境的众多其他因素此外，军事人员可以统一获得医疗保健，因此我们研究的结果是不太可能反映获得护理的机会或支付能力，而是反映由于以下原因对医疗护理的潜在需求：此外，丰富的管理数据使我们能够跟踪人员的位置和医疗保健使用情况。我们可以整合来自多个来源的行政数据，包括总陆军。人员数据库、Tricare 医疗保健索赔以及退伍军人健康局的年度快照退伍军人事务部。