Full Project I: Adolescent Tobacco and Betel Nut Use Prevention in Guam

完整项目一：关岛青少年烟草和槟榔使用预防

• 批准号: 10491721
• 负责人: Francis Dalisay
• 金额: $ 19.31万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF GUAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10491721
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Adverse effects; American Samoa; Area; Areca; Areca catechu; Attitude; Belief; Bronchi; Cancer Burden; Cancer Center; Carcinogens; Cigarette; Collaborations; Community Practice; Control Groups; Data; Disease; Educational Curriculum; Electronic cigarette; Ethics; Face; Federated States of Micronesia; Free Association; Fruit; Funding; Goals; Grant; Guam; Hawaii; Head and Neck Cancer; High Prevalence; Incidence; International Agency for Research on Cancer; Intervention; Island; Lung; Malignant Neoplasms; Marshall Islands; Mastication; Middle School Student; Morbidity - disease rate; Native Hawaiian; Northern Mariana Islands; Nuts; Oral Tobacco; Outcome; Pacific Islander; Pacific Islands; Pacific Ocean; Palau; Participant; Persons; Pilot Projects; Population; Prevalence; Preventable cancer cause; Prevention; Prevention program; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Rest; Schools; Smokeless Tobacco; Social Marketing; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Universities; Youth; anticancer research; base; cancer health disparity; cigarette smoke; cigarette smoking; design; efficacy testing; electronic cigarette use; evidence base; follow-up; health disparity; health equity; innovation; junior high school; malignant mouth neoplasm; mid-career faculty; mortality; prevent; programs; public health relevance; respiratory health; smokeless tobacco use; smoking initiation; social media; substance use prevention; tobacco products

ABSTRACT People of the U.S. Affiliated Pacific Islands (USAPI) face significant health disparities in terms of higher morbidity and mortality due to cancer and other diseases. Approximately half a million people live in the USAPI and Pacific Islanders constitute one of the fastest growing demographic groups in the U.S. Morbidity and mortality due to lung and bronchus cancer and head-and-neck cancer appear to be markedly higher in the USAPI than the U.S. nationally. The higher rates for lung/bronchus and oral cancer incidence in the USAPI may be due to higher rates of tobacco and areca (betel) nut use in the region. Areca nut is the fruit of a type of palm, Areca catechu, which is commonly chewed with or without tobacco mixed with the nut, for stimulating effects. Our recent research suggests that tobacco product use, including electronic or e- cigarette use, among Guam middle school students may be 4-5 times higher than the U.S. national average. Clearly, preventing tobacco product use (i.e., cigarette, chewing tobacco, e-cigarette use) and areca nut use among USAPI adolescents is likely to reduce cancer disparities faced by the USAPI in the long run. Currently there are NO culturally grounded, evidence-based tobacco and betel nut prevention programs designed for USAPI youth. The long-term goal of this research project is to develop a culturally grounded, evidence-based tobacco and betel nut prevention program that may be delivered in the classrooms across schools in the USAPI. The project will continue a productive collaboration between researchers from the University of Hawaii Cancer Center (UHCC) and University of Guam (UOG), which initiated as a pilot study funded by the previous cycle of the UHCC/UOG Partnership grant (U54). The proposed study will adapt and test Ho'ouna Pono, an innovative video-based classroom substance use prevention curriculum developed for Native Hawaiians, who are Pacific Islanders and culturally similar to Pacific Islanders in the USAPI. In addition to the video-based curriculum, we will test a social media-based social marketing campaign to prevent tobacco and betel nut use initiation and escalation. Of the 8 public middle schools in Guam, 4 will be randomly assigned to the "video-based curriculum + social marketing campaign" condition (i.e., treatment) and 4 will be assigned to the "social marketing campaign only" condition (i.e., control). The decision to provide an intervention, albeit weaker, to the control group as well was guided by the ethics of good community practice. If efficacious, the school-based tobacco and betel nut use prevention curriculum may be delivered throughout the USAPI so as to reduce the adolescent tobacco and betel nut use prevalence in the region. Ultimately, the program may contribute to reducing the high cancer burden faced by the USAPI.

抽象的 美国附属太平洋岛屿（USAPI）的人面临较高的健康差异 癌症和其他疾病引起的发病率和死亡率。大约一百万人生活在 USAPI和太平洋岛民构成了美国增长最快的人口群体之一 肺癌和支气管癌以及头颈癌引起的死亡率似乎明显更高 USAPI比全国范围内的美国。肺/支气管和口腔癌发病率较高的发生率 USAPI可能是由于该地区的烟草和槟榔（槟榔）使用率较高。槟榔是 一种棕榈，槟榔茶（通常用烟草和螺母混合的烟草）的槟榔 刺激效果。我们最近的研究表明，烟草产品的使用，包括电子或电子 使用香烟，关岛中学生可能比美国国家高4-5倍 平均的。显然，防止使用烟草产品（即香烟，咀嚼烟草，电子烟的使用）和 USAPI青少年中槟榔的使用可能会减少USAPI在 长期。目前尚无文化扎根的循证烟草和槟榔 为USAPI青年设计的预防计划。该研究项目的长期目标是开发 可以在 USAPI的学校的教室。该项目将继续进行富有成效的合作 夏威夷大学癌症中心（UHCC）和关岛大学（UOG）的研究人员， 作为一项由UHCC/UOG合作伙伴赠款（U54）的先前周期资助的试点研究。这 拟议的研究将适应和测试Ho'ouna Pono，这是一种创新的基于视频的课堂吸毒 为夏威夷原住民开发的预防课程，他们是太平洋岛民，在文化上与 USAPI的太平洋岛民。除了基于视频的课程外，我们还将测试基于社交媒体的课程 社会营销活动，以防止烟草和槟榔螺母的使用开始和升级。在8个公众中 关岛的中学，4将随机分配给“基于视频的课程 +社交营销 竞选活动“条件（即治疗）和4将分配给“仅社会营销活动” 条件（即控制）。决定对对照组提供干预措施（尽管较弱）的决定 受到良好社区实践的道德规范的指导。如果有效，则基于学校的烟草和槟榔 使用预防课程可以在整个USAPI中提供，以减少青少年烟草 和槟榔的使用率在该地区。最终，该计划可能有助于降低高位 USAPI面临的癌症负担。