Targeting Cognitive Control to Improve Physical Activity Adherence in Midlife for Alzheimer's Risk Reduction

以认知控制为目标，提高中年体力活动的坚持，从而降低阿尔茨海默病的风险

• 批准号: 10488462
• 负责人: MICHELLE WEBB VOSS
• 金额: $ 34.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-30 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10488462
• 关键词: Accounting; Adherence; Adopted; Adoption; Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Age-associated memory impairment; Aging; Alzheimer disease prevention; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease risk; American; Attention; Behavior; Benchmarking; Boston; Brain; Cities; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Control Groups; Coupled; E-learning; Effectiveness; Effectiveness of Interventions; Emotional; Environment; Exercise; Experimental Designs; Exposure to; Face; Feedback; Feeling; Fright; Future; Goals; Habits; Health; Heart; Impaired cognition; Informal Social Control; Intention; Intervention; Iowa; Life; Literature; Longevity; Maintenance; Mind; Modeling; Motivation; Nerve Degeneration; Pathology; Performance; Persons; Phase; Physical Exercise; Physical activity; Plant Roots; Prevention; Public Health; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reporting; Research; Research Support; Risk Reduction; Role; Rural; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Severities; Short-Term Memory; Site; Stimulus; Structure; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Treatment Efficacy; active lifestyle; aging brain; base; behavior change; cognitive capacity; cognitive control; cognitive training; computerized; cost; critical period; design; efficacy testing; environmental change; exercise intervention; experience; flexibility; high risk; improved; insight; intervention program; mange; middle age; moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; negative affect; physical conditioning; prevent; programs; psychosocial; racial and ethnic; resilience; sedentary; success; theories; vigorous intensity; young adult; Accounting; Adherence; Adopted; Adoption; Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Age-associated memory impairment; Aging; Alzheimer disease prevention; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease risk; American; Attention; Behavior; Benchmarking; Boston; Brain; Cities; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Control Groups; Coupled; E-learning; Effectiveness; Effectiveness of Interventions; Emotional; Environment; Exercise; Experimental Designs; Exposure to; Face; Feedback; Feeling; Fright; Future; Goals; Habits; Health; Heart; Impaired cognition; Informal Social Control; Intention; Intervention; Iowa; Life; Literature; Longevity; Maintenance; Mind; Modeling; Motivation; Nerve Degeneration; Pathology; Performance; Persons; Phase; Physical Exercise; Physical activity; Plant Roots; Prevention; Public Health; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reporting; Research; Research Support; Risk Reduction; Role; Rural; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Severities; Short-Term Memory; Site; Stimulus; Structure; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Treatment Efficacy; active lifestyle; aging brain; base; behavior change; cognitive capacity; cognitive control; cognitive training; computerized; cost; critical period; design; efficacy testing; environmental change; exercise intervention; experience; flexibility; high risk; improved; insight; intervention program; mange; middle age; moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; negative affect; physical conditioning; prevent; programs; psychosocial; racial and ethnic; resilience; sedentary; success; theories; vigorous intensity; young adult

Although evidence in favor of physical activity (PA) for reducing age-related cognitive decline and associated Alzheimer’s risk continues to grow, critical issues are persistently low PA adoption and adherence during critical periods for Alzheimer’s prevention. Because PA starts declining at middle-age and neurodegenerative pathologies increasing Alzheimer’s risk start decades before cognitive impairment, there is a pressing need to understand how and why middle-age adults can more successfully adopt and sustain PA. Self-regulatory capacities have been identified as critical for acting on our intentions and plans to be more physically active, however causal evidence testing whether and how strongly self-regulatory capacities affect PA behavior change is absent from the literature. Therefore, our objective is to test the causal role of the self-regulation construct, cognitive control, in PA behavior change among inactive middle-aged adults. Based on the Temporal Self-Regulation Theory (TST), we hypothesize cognitive training designed to improve cognitive control will increase the success of a PA behavior change program, and training cognitive control with emotionally valenced stimuli will further increase moderate-to-vigorous PA adherence. Our predictions are based on research showing the importance of cognitive control in PA adherence and maintenance, evidence that negative affective experiences of PA are common and detrimental to future PA, and the modifiability of cognitive control with adaptive cognitive training. We test our overall hypothesis with three aims, including an R61 phase (Aim 1) to develop and refine a computerized training program targeting aspects of motivation, planning, and cognitive control theorized to promote PA behavior change, followed by an implementation R33 phase (Aim 2) with a lab-based, randomized controlled trial (RCT) to determine the extent that cognitive control for emotionally valenced information is a target mechanism for PA behavior change in inactive middle-age adults at moderate-to-high risk for Alzheimer’s. The RCT implemented in Aim 2 will be tested across rural and urban sites to increase diversity and generalizability of our sample, which forms the basis for (Aim 3) determining moderators of intervention efficacy for improving PA behavior change. We predict those with poor cognitive control and high negative affective experiences to moderate intensity PA will benefit most from cognitive control training targeted to an affective domain for PA behavior change. Our results will be significant by determining the causal role of cognitive control and affect in sustainable PA behavior change in midlife, a critical prevention period for Alzheimer’s. Success will culminate in a scalable training program to boost PA adherence, setting the stage for personalized and accessible strategies for midlife adults to change their course towards a more physically active lifestyle and a virtuous cycle of sustained cognitive and physical health.

尽管支持体育锻炼的证据（PA）减少了与年龄相关的认知下降和相关的阿尔茨海默氏症风险的持续增长，但关键问题在关键时期内持续较低的PA采用和依从性，以预防阿尔茨海默氏症。由于PA在中年龄和神经退行性病理学开始下降，在认知障碍之前增加了阿尔茨海默氏症的风险开始，因此迫切需要了解中年成年人如何以及为何能够更成功地适应和维持PA。自我调节能力已被确定为对我们的意图和计划更加活跃的计划至关重要，但是因果证据测试了文献是否不影响PA行为的变化以及是否强烈自我调节能力影响PA行为的变化。因此，我们的目标是测试自我调节构建体，认知控制的因果作用，在不活跃的中年成年人中的行为变化中。基于时间自我调节理论（TST），我们假设旨在改善认知控制的认知训练将增加PA行为变化计划的成功，并且具有情感上评价刺激的认知控制将进一步提高中度到剧烈的PA依从性。我们的预测基于表明认知控制在PA依从性和维持中的重要性，证据表明PA的负面情感经历是普遍的，并且对未来的PA是有害的，并且通过自适应认知培训对认知控制的可修改性。 We test our overall hypothesis with three aims, including an R61 phase (Aim 1) to develop and refine a computerized training program targeting aspects of motivation, planning, and cognitive control theorized to promote PA behavior change, followed by an implementation R33 phase (Aim 2) with a lab-based, randomized controlled trial (RCT) to Determine the extent that cognitive control for emotionally valenced information is a target mechanism for PA behavior change in inactive middle-age adults at阿尔茨海默氏症的中等风险。 AIM 2中实施的RCT将在粗糙和城市地点进行测试，以提高样本的多样性和概括性，这构成了（AIM 3）确定改善PA行为变化的干预效率的主持人的基础。我们预测那些认知控制差和高消极情感经验对中等强度PA的人将受益于针对PA行为改变的情感领域的认知控制训练。通过确定认知控制的因果作用和在中年的可持续PA行为改变中，我们的结果将是重要的，这是阿尔茨海默氏症的关键预防时期。成功将在一项可扩展的培训计划中达到顶峰，以提高依从性，为中年成年人的个性化且可访问的策略奠定基础，以改变自己的课程，以更加身体上活跃的生活方式以及持续的认知和身体健康的虚拟循环。