Neural Network Dynamics Over the Course of Aversive Conditioning: The Influence of Visuocortical and Attentional Network Activity in Predicting Extinction Learning

厌恶条件作用过程中的神经网络动力学：视觉皮层和注意网络活动对预测灭绝学习的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10463102
负责人：
Richard Tyler Ward
金额：
$ 6.68万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-04-01 至 2023-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Visual cues predicting aversive outcomes facilitate low-level visual perception—often referred to as attentional threat biases—and heighten defensive engagement at the behavioral, autonomic, and central nervous system levels. However, as aversive conditioning proceeds over time, psychophysics and neuroimaging work has found threat biases accompanied by reduced, instead of heightened, activity of the brain's defensive network. Additional literature indicates that aversive conditioning is facilitated in females and individuals with greater dispositional anxiety, implicating a critical role of biological sex and individual differences in trait-like anxiety phenotypes. How these differences affect the acquisition and extinction of attentional threat biases is currently unknown. Such knowledge is critical to identifying novel neural etiological and intervention targets for clinical tools. The present training grant aims to establish the neural dynamics during visual threat bias acquisition and extinction. Specifically, we test the overarching hypothesis that temporally extended aversive conditioning increasingly relies on biased perception and attention, and less on defensive brain circuits including the amygdala. This work will contribute to NIMH strategic priorities by defining the underlying neural mechanisms contributing to complex behaviors. Thus, the proposed project aims to first (1) identify progressive changes in visual, attentional, and limbic neural networks contributing to the representation of threat versus safe-related visual cues over the course of acquisition by measuring trial-by-trial electrophysiological and hemodynamic activity. Second, (2) determine the value of individual differences in visual and attentional frontoparietal network changes during threat cue acquisition for predicting extinction and extinction recall. Third, (3) examine the extent to which individual differences in biological sex and dispositional anxiety influence changes in cortical representations of threat cues during acquisition and subsequent extinction. Participants will engage in a 2-day aversive conditioning regimen in which they undergo differential aversive conditioning followed by an extinction paradigm, and return on day 2 for a reinstatement test. Simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) imaging during these tasks will enable the identification of functional brain alterations, fulfilling the aims of the proposed research. Pursuing these aims will aid in current efforts in improving diagnostic assessment and treatment for anxiety disorders. The training goals of this fellowship will develop the applicant's knowledge and research skills regarding theoretical components related to differential aversive conditioning, EEG-fMRI acquisition, and advanced neuroimaging analytical techniques. This project is the first to examine cortical network changes over the course of aversive conditioning, the influence these dynamics have on extinction, and how individual differences moderate these effects.

项目概要/摘要预测厌恶结果的视觉线索促进低水平的视觉感知——通常被称为注意威胁偏差——并加强行为、自主和中枢的防御性参与然而，随着时间的推移，心理物理学和神经影像学会产生厌恶性条件反射。研究发现，威胁偏见伴随着大脑防御活动的减少，而不是哮喘。其他文献表明，女性和患有此类疾病的个体会促进厌恶性条件反射。更大的性格焦虑，暗示生物性别和特质样个体差异的关键作用这些差异如何影响注意力威胁偏差的获得和消除。目前未知，这些知识对于确定新的神经病因和干预目标至关重要。目前的培训资助旨在建立视觉威胁偏差获取过程中的神经动力学。具体来说，我们测试了暂时延长厌恶条件作用的总体假设。越来越多地依赖有偏见的感知和注意力，而较少依赖防御性大脑回路，包括这项工作将通过定义潜在的神经机制来促进 NIMH 的战略重点。因此，拟议项目的目标是首先 (1) 确定以下方面的渐进变化。视觉、注意力和边缘神经网络有助于表示威胁与安全相关通过逐次测量电生理学和血流动力学来获取采集过程中的视觉线索其次，（2）确定视觉和注意力额顶网络的个体差异值。第三，（3）检查威胁线索获取过程中的变化以预测灭绝和灭绝回忆。生物性别和性格焦虑的个体差异影响皮质的变化参与者将进行为期 2 天的威胁线索表征。厌恶性条件反射疗法，其中他们经历差异性厌恶性条件反射，然后灭绝范式，并在第 2 天返回进行同步脑电图 (EEG) 和测试。这些任务期间的功能磁共振（fMRI）成像将能够识别功能性大脑改变，实现拟议研究的目标将有助于当前的改进工作。该奖学金的培训目标将制定焦虑症的诊断评估和治疗。申请人关于差异厌恶相关理论成分的知识和研究技能该项目是第一个项目。检查厌恶性调节过程中皮质网络的变化，这些动态的影响以及个体差异如何调节这些影响。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

State anxiety reduces working memory capacity but does not impact filtering cost for neutral distracters.

DOI：
10.1111/psyp.13625
发表时间：
2020-10
期刊：
PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Ward, Richard T.;Lotfi, Salahadin;Sallmann, Hannah;Lee, Han-Joo;Larson, Christine L.
通讯作者：
Larson, Christine L.

Working Memory Performance for Differentially Conditioned Stimuli.

DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2021.811233
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Frontiers in psychology
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Ward RT;Lotfi S;Stout DM;Mattson S;Lee HJ;Larson CL
通讯作者：
Larson CL

The Relationship Between Self-Reported Misophonia Symptoms and Auditory Aversive Generalization Leaning: A Preliminary Report.

DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2022.899476
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Ward, Richard T.;Gilbert, Faith E.;Pouliot, Jourdan;Chiasson, Payton;McIlvanie, Skylar;Traiser, Caitlin;Riels, Kierstin;Mears, Ryan;Keil, Andreas
通讯作者：
Keil, Andreas

与奖励相关的干扰因素和工作记忆过滤。

DOI：
10.1111/psyp.13402
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Psychophysiology
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Ward,RichardT;Miskovich,TaraA;Stout,DanielM;Bennett,KennethP;Lotfi,Salahadin;Larson,ChristineL
通讯作者：
Larson,ChristineL

Neutral and threatening distracter word stimuli are unnecessarily stored in working memory but do not differ in their degree of working memory storage.

DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108091
发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Ward, Richard T.;Lotfi, Salahadin;Stout, Daniel M.;Mattson, Sofia;Lee, Han-Joo;Larson, Christine L.
通讯作者：
Larson, Christine L.