Processed Food Intake, Metabolomics, and Adiposity

加工食品摄入量、代谢组学和肥胖

基本信息

批准号：
10452596
负责人：
LYN M STEFFEN
金额：
$ 160万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-08-01 至 2024-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10452596
关键词：
Address Adipose tissue Adopted Adult African American Age Ancillary Study Antioxidants Area Beverages Biological Biological Markers Body Weight Brazil Cardiometabolic Disease Categories Central obesity Cessation of life Chronic Disease Clinical Coffee Conflict (Psychology)Consumption Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study Coronary heart disease Cross-Sectional Studies Data Development Diet Dietary Fiber Dietary History Dietary intake Eating Eating Behavior Education Energy Intake Enrollment Fatty acid glycerol esters Fiber Flavoring Food Food Processing Formulation Frequencies Government Guidelines Healthy Eating Hour Hyperlipidemia Hypertension Intake Life Cycle Stages Life Style Link Literature Manufacturer Name Maps Measures Meat Metabolic Metabolism Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Nutrient Obesity Outcome Overweight Parents Pathologic Pathway interactions Pattern Plasma Play Policies Positioning Attribute Process Prospective Studies Questionnaires Race Recommendation Reporting Research Restaurants Risk Risk Factors Role Scientist Sodium System Testing Time Ursidae Family Vendor Weight Weight Gain Woman X-Ray Computed Tomography Yogurt adult obesity age group base biracial cardiometabolic risk cardiometabolism cohort dietary fast food food challenge food consumption men metabolomics obesity development premature saturated fat sex sugar

项目摘要

Overweight and obesity have been increasing over the four past decades with linkage between excess body weight and coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and premature death. Concomitantly, since the 1950’s, the number of processed food products appearing on grocery store shelves and the number of fast food restaurants in the US increased over 200%. Highly processed or ultra-processed foods (UPFs), rich in added sugar, fat, sodium, and additives, contributed over 55% of energy consumed by U.S. adults. These foods were also related to obesity in several studies, but not cardiometabolic outcomes. Better understanding of the role processed food plays in the development of obesity and chronic disease requires well characterized, longitudinal data about lifestyle, clinical outcomes, objective biomarkers, and repeated measures of dietary intake using a questionnaire with sufficient detail to correctly classify foods by processing level. The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study is uniquely suited to study the impact of long-term processed food intake on metabolism and development of obesity, cardiometabolic risk, and T2D across the life course in a large biracial cohort age 18-30 years at baseline (1985-86). The objective of this proposal is to conduct an ancillary study about processed food intake, metabolomics, and adiposity in the parent CARDIA year 35 exam: to assess dietary intake and measure adipose tissue depots by CT scan and metabolite markers in 3,270 black and white men and women. The central hypothesis is that repeated measures of energy intake (and other nutrients) from UPFs and related metabolite profiles predict obesity, adiposity, cardiometabolic risk, and T2D in 3,270 black and white men and women. The central hypothesis will be tested by pursuing three specific aims: 1) to examine intake of selected nutrients (energy, added sugar, fat, fiber, others) from UPFs at 4 examinations over 35 years, 2) to determine associations of repeated measures of energy and other nutrient intakes from UPFs at 4 exams with change in obesity, adipose tissue depots, cardiometabolic risk factors, and risk of T2D; and 3) to examine change in metabolite profiles associated with UPFs and their relationship to changes in weight, adipose tissue depots, cardiometabolic factors and risk of T2D. Biologic pathways will be identified based on metabolite profiles related to dietary intake and obesity- related and T2D outcomes. The proposed research is significant, because there is a need to know the long- term association of UPF intake with obesity and its pathologic correlates. The results will have an important impact because our findings 1) may challenge and clarify current diet policies - to consider not only nutrient and food group consumption, but also food processing and/or the formulation of food for a healthy eating pattern, and 2) may challenge food manufacturers to change food formulations by limiting or changing the type and/or amount of ingredients, thereby reducing the potential for developing some metabolic conditions.

在过去的四年中，超重和肥胖一直在增加，而肥胖与超重之间的联系体重与冠心病、2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 和过早死亡相伴。 20 世纪 50 年代，杂货店货架上出现的加工食品数量和快餐数量美国的餐厅增加了 200% 以上的高度加工或超加工食品 (UPF)，富含添加糖、脂肪、钠和添加剂，占美国成年人消耗能量的 55% 以上。在多项研究中，食物也与肥胖有关，但与心脏代谢结果无关。加工食品在肥胖和慢性疾病的发展中所起的作用需要得到充分的表征，有关生活方式、临床结果、客观生物标志物和饮食重复测量的纵向数据使用足够详细的调查问卷来按加工水平正确分类食物的摄入量。年轻人动脉风险发展 (CARDIA) 研究特别适合研究长期动脉风险发展的影响加工食品摄入对代谢和肥胖发展、心脏代谢风险和 T2D 的影响基线年龄为 18-30 岁的大型混血儿群体的生命历程 (1985-86) 该提案的目的是在母体 CARDIA 中进行有关加工食品摄入、代谢组学和肥胖的辅助研究 35 岁考试：通过 CT 扫描和代谢物评估饮食摄入量并测量脂肪组织库中心假设是对 3,270 名黑人和白人男性和女性进行重复测量。 UPF 和相关代谢物的能量摄入（和其他营养素）可预测肥胖、肥胖、 3,270 名黑人和白人男性和女性的心脏代谢风险和 T2D 中心假设将得到检验。通过追求三个具体目标：1）检查选定营养素的摄入量（能量、添加糖、脂肪、纤维、其他）来自 35 年来 4 次检查的 UPF，2）确定重复测量的关联 4 次检查中 UPF 的能量和其他营养摄入量，以及肥胖、脂肪组织库、心脏代谢危险因素和 T2D 风险；3) 检查与此相关的代谢特征的变化； UPF 及其与体重变化、脂肪组织库、心脏代谢因素和风险的关系 T2D 的生物途径将根据与饮食摄入和肥胖相关的代谢特征来确定。拟议的研究意义重大，因为需要了解长期的结果。 UPF摄入量与肥胖及其病理相关性的术语关联结果将具有重要意义。影响，因为我们的研究结果 1) 可能会挑战和澄清当前的饮食政策 - 不仅要考虑营养和食物组消费，还包括食品加工和/或健康饮食的食品配方模式，2) 可能会要求食品制造商通过限制或改变类型来改变食品配方和/或成分的量，从而降低发生某些代谢状况的可能性。