Processed Food Intake, Metabolomics, and Adiposity

加工食品摄入量、代谢组学和肥胖

• 批准号: 10452596
• 负责人: LYN M STEFFEN
• 金额: $ 160万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10452596
• 关键词: Address; Adipose tissue; Adopted; Adult; African American; Age; Ancillary Study; Antioxidants; Area; Beverages; Biological; Biological Markers; Body Weight; Brazil; Cardiometabolic Disease; Categories; Central obesity; Cessation of life; Chronic Disease; Clinical; Coffee; Conflict (Psychology); Consumption; Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study; Coronary heart disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Development; Diet; Dietary Fiber; Dietary History; Dietary intake; Eating; Eating Behavior; Education; Energy Intake; Enrollment; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Fiber; Flavoring; Food; Food Processing; Formulation; Frequencies; Government; Guidelines; Healthy Eating; Hour; Hyperlipidemia; Hypertension; Intake; Life Cycle Stages; Life Style; Link; Literature; Manufacturer Name; Maps; Measures; Meat; Metabolic; Metabolism; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Nutrient; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Parents; Pathologic; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Plasma; Play; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Process; Prospective Studies; Questionnaires; Race; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Restaurants; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Scientist; Sodium; System; Testing; Time; Ursidae Family; Vendor; Weight; Weight Gain; Woman; X-Ray Computed Tomography; Yogurt; adult obesity; age group; base; biracial; cardiometabolic risk; cardiometabolism; cohort; dietary; fast food; food challenge; food consumption; men; metabolomics; obesity development; premature; saturated fat; sex; sugar

Overweight and obesity have been increasing over the four past decades with linkage between excess body weight and coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and premature death. Concomitantly, since the 1950’s, the number of processed food products appearing on grocery store shelves and the number of fast food restaurants in the US increased over 200%. Highly processed or ultra-processed foods (UPFs), rich in added sugar, fat, sodium, and additives, contributed over 55% of energy consumed by U.S. adults. These foods were also related to obesity in several studies, but not cardiometabolic outcomes. Better understanding of the role processed food plays in the development of obesity and chronic disease requires well characterized, longitudinal data about lifestyle, clinical outcomes, objective biomarkers, and repeated measures of dietary intake using a questionnaire with sufficient detail to correctly classify foods by processing level. The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study is uniquely suited to study the impact of long-term processed food intake on metabolism and development of obesity, cardiometabolic risk, and T2D across the life course in a large biracial cohort age 18-30 years at baseline (1985-86). The objective of this proposal is to conduct an ancillary study about processed food intake, metabolomics, and adiposity in the parent CARDIA year 35 exam: to assess dietary intake and measure adipose tissue depots by CT scan and metabolite markers in 3,270 black and white men and women. The central hypothesis is that repeated measures of energy intake (and other nutrients) from UPFs and related metabolite profiles predict obesity, adiposity, cardiometabolic risk, and T2D in 3,270 black and white men and women. The central hypothesis will be tested by pursuing three specific aims: 1) to examine intake of selected nutrients (energy, added sugar, fat, fiber, others) from UPFs at 4 examinations over 35 years, 2) to determine associations of repeated measures of energy and other nutrient intakes from UPFs at 4 exams with change in obesity, adipose tissue depots, cardiometabolic risk factors, and risk of T2D; and 3) to examine change in metabolite profiles associated with UPFs and their relationship to changes in weight, adipose tissue depots, cardiometabolic factors and risk of T2D. Biologic pathways will be identified based on metabolite profiles related to dietary intake and obesity- related and T2D outcomes. The proposed research is significant, because there is a need to know the long- term association of UPF intake with obesity and its pathologic correlates. The results will have an important impact because our findings 1) may challenge and clarify current diet policies - to consider not only nutrient and food group consumption, but also food processing and/or the formulation of food for a healthy eating pattern, and 2) may challenge food manufacturers to change food formulations by limiting or changing the type and/or amount of ingredients, thereby reducing the potential for developing some metabolic conditions.

在过去的四十年中，超重和肥胖一直在增长 体重和冠心病，2型糖尿病（T2D）和过早死亡。同时，自从 1950年代，杂货店货架上出现的加工食品数量以及快速的数量 美国的食品餐厅增长了200％以上。高度加工或超级加工食品（UPFS），丰富 添加的糖，脂肪，钠和添加剂贡献了美国成年人消耗的能量的55％以上。这些 在几项研究中，食物也与肥胖有关，但心脏代谢结果无关。更好的理解 在肥胖和慢性疾病发展中处理的食物作用的作用需要很好的特征， 有关生活方式，临床结果，客观生物标志物和饮食中的重复测量的纵向数据 使用问卷调查的摄入量足够细节，可以通过处理水平正确地对食物进行分类。冠状动脉 年轻人的动脉风险发展（CARDIA）研究非常适合研究长期的影响 加工食品摄入有关代谢和肥胖，心脏代谢风险和T2D的摄入量 在基线（1985 - 86年）18-30岁的大混蛋队列中的生命课程18-30岁。该提议的目的是 对父母卡迪亚的辅助研究，代谢组学和肥胖症进行辅助研究 35年考试：评估饮食摄入量并测量CT扫描和代谢物的脂肪组织沉积 3,270个黑人和白人男人和女人的标记。中心假设是重复测量 UPFS的能量摄入（和其他营养）和相关代谢物谱预测肥胖，肥胖， 心脏代谢风险和3,270个黑白男性和女人的T2D。中央假设将进行测试 通过追求三个具体目标：1）检查所选营养素的摄入量（能量，添加糖，脂肪，纤维， 其他）在35年内从UPF进行4次考试，2）确定重复度量的关联 肥胖症，脂肪组织沉积物的变化，UPFS的能量和其他营养摄入量， 心脏代谢风险因素和T2D风险； 3）检查与 UPFS及其与体重变化，脂肪组织沉积，心脏代谢因素和风险 T2D。将基于与饮食摄入和肥胖有关 相关和T2D结果。拟议的研究很重要，因为有必要知道长期 UPF摄入量与肥胖及其病理相关的术语关联。结果将具有重要的 影响是因为我们的发现1）可能会挑战并阐明当前的饮食政策 - 不仅要考虑营养 和食品集团的消费，以及食物加工和/或食物的公式用于健康饮食 模式，2）可能会挑战食品制造商通过限制或更改类型来改变食品配方 和/或成分量，从而减少了发展某些代谢疾病的潜力。