Behavioral and Biological Rhythms in Children's Obesity-Related Health Disparities

儿童肥胖相关健康差异的行为和生物节律

• 批准号: 10390744
• 负责人: Chantelle Nobile Hart
• 金额: $ 74.07万
• 依托单位: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-23 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10390744
• 关键词: 8 year old; Accelerometer; Adolescence; Adult; Affect; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Process; Biological Rhythm; Biology; Body mass index; Child; Circadian Rhythms; Eating; Economics; Enrollment; Ensure; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemic; Family; Fibrinogen; Food; Future; Glucose; Habits; Health; Health behavior; Height; Home; Hour; Household; Intake; Light; Measures; Melatonin; Metabolism; Napping; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Observational Study; Patient Self-Report; Pediatric Research; Phase; Physical activity; Plant Roots; Prevention; Public Health; Regulation; Research; Research Support; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Rodent; Rodent Model; Role; Schedule; School-Age Population; Science; Sleep; Socioeconomic Status; Structure; Testing; Time; Weight; Weight Gain; Work; Youth; actigraphy; behavior influence; circadian; circadian pacemaker; comorbidity; dietary; energy balance; environmental stressor; excessive weight gain; experience; experimental study; food insecurity; food security; health disparity; improved; low socioeconomic status; modifiable risk; neighborhood disadvantage; neighborhood safety; novel; novel strategies; obesity in children; obesity prevention; obesity risk; obesity treatment; response; sedentary activity; sleep behavior; socioeconomic disparity; socioeconomics; therapy development; weight gain prevention

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Pediatric obesity is considered an epidemic with striking disparities by socioeconomic status (SES). There is therefore a pressing need to identify novel, modifiable risk factors for obesity prevention and treatment in children, particularly those who are at greater risk. Compelling evidence that is rooted in circadian biology and our understanding of circadian rhythms, and is supported by emerging work with rodents and adults suggests that in addition to focusing on how much we engage in eating, activity and sleep behaviors, it may also be important to understand the timing and consistency with which we engage in these behaviors (i.e., behavioral rhythms) for obesity risk reduction. Mounting evidence demonstrates that behavioral rhythms that are aligned with underlying circadian rhythms, such as sleeping during the biological night and eating during the biological day are associated with improved metabolic processes and weight regulation. Although less is known regarding how behavioral rhythms may optimize weight regulation in children, findings from related lines of pediatric research support those with rodents and adults and highlight the potential importance of behavioral rhythms for excess weight gain prevention. Understanding the role of behavioral rhythms in weight regulation for children from lower SES backgrounds may be particularly important given that they may be at greater risk for disruptions to behavioral rhythms due to economic adversity and neighborhood disadvantage, placing them at increased risk for excess weight gain. Further, understanding associations between SES, behavioral rhythms and weight regulation in young school-aged children focuses on a time period when a number of health behaviors that carry through adolescence are shaped and thus may represent an opportune time for optimizing weight regulation. The present study therefore proposes to enroll 176 children 5-8 years old from diverse SES backgrounds into a 16-month observational study. Children will complete five 10-day assessments across the study (baseline, 4, 8, 12, and 16 months) during which the following will be measured: timing and consistency of sleep (via actigraphy), timing and distribution of eating (via 24-hour dietary recalls), timing and consistency of physical and sedentary activities (via accelerometry and self-report), timing of the circadian clock (dim light melatonin onset; DLMO), measures of the home and neighborhood environment, and anthropometrics (height, weight, adiposity). The primary aims of this proposed work are to assess: a) how behavioral rhythms affect body mass index (BMI) trajectories in children, and b) how SES affects behavioral rhythms and thus BMI trajectories. Secondary aims will assess how circadian factors (i.e., circadian phase and circadian phase angle) and the household and neighborhood environments affect behavioral rhythms. Exploratory aims will also assess the relative influence of behavioral, circadian and environmental factors on children's BMI trajectories, including potential moderation of associations between behavioral rhythms and BMI trajectories by circadian phase and phase angle.

项目概要/摘要 儿童肥胖被认为是一种流行病，其社会经济地位 (SES) 差异显着。有 因此，迫切需要确定新的、可改变的危险因素来预防和治疗肥胖 儿童，特别是那些风险较高的儿童。植根于昼夜节律生物学的令人信服的证据 我们对昼夜节律的理解，并得到了啮齿动物和成年人的新兴研究的支持，表明 除了关注我们的饮食、活动和睡眠行为的程度外，还可能 了解我们从事这些行为的时间和一致性（即行为 节律）以降低肥胖风险。越来越多的证据表明，行为节奏是一致的 具有潜在的昼夜节律，例如在生物夜间睡觉和在生物夜间进食 日与改善代谢过程和体重调节有关。虽然鲜为人知 关于行为节律如何优化儿童体重调节，相关研究结果 儿科研究为啮齿动物和成人提供支持，并强调行为的潜在重要性 预防体重过度增加的节奏。了解行为节律在体重调节中的作用 对于来自较低社会经济地位背景的儿童可能尤其重要，因为他们可能面临更大的风险 由于经济逆境和邻里劣势而扰乱行为节奏，将它们置于 体重增加过多的风险增加。此外，了解 SES、行为之间的关联 学龄儿童的节律和体重调节集中在一个时期，其中许多 贯穿青春期的健康行为已经形成，因此可能代表了一个适当的时机 优化体重调节。因此，本研究建议招募 176 名 5-8 岁的儿童 将不同的 SES 背景纳入一项为期 16 个月的观察性研究中。孩子们将完成五个为期 10 天的课程 整个研究的评估（基线、4、8、12 和 16 个月），在此期间将测量以下内容： 睡眠的时间和一致性（通过体动记录仪）、饮食的时间和分布（通过 24 小时饮食回忆）、 体力活动和久坐活动的时间安排和一致性（通过加速度测量和自我报告）、 生物钟（弱光褪黑激素发作；DLMO）、家庭和邻里环境的测量，以及 人体测量学（身高、体重、肥胖）。这项拟议工作的主要目的是评估：a) 如何 行为节律影响儿童的体重指数 (BMI) 轨迹，以及 b) SES 如何影响行为 节律以及 BMI 轨迹。次要目标将评估昼夜节律因素（即昼夜节律阶段和 昼夜节律相位角）以及家庭和邻里环境会影响行为节律。 探索性目标还将评估行为、昼夜节律和环境因素对 儿童的 BMI 轨迹，包括行为节律与 BMI 之间关联的潜在调节 昼夜节律相位和相位角的轨迹。