Estimating the impact of SNAP, WIC, and UI in the primary prevention of multiple forms of family violence: a causal and computational approach

评估 SNAP、WIC 和 UI 在多种形式家庭暴力一级预防中的影响：因果和计算方法

• 批准号: 10385067
• 负责人: Derek Scott Brown
• 金额: $ 35万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-30 至 2024-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10385067
• 关键词: Estimating; impact; SNAP; WIC; UI

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Child and family violence are prevalent, costly, and serious public health problems which have been linked to household economic stress, which has also been greatly increased during the Covid-19 pandemic. Supporting household income and reducing food insecurity during periods of under- or unemployment (including the pandemic) may prevent multiple forms of family violence, improving the health, safety, and well-being of children and women. The objective of the proposed research is to rigorously evaluate the impacts of three large, yet under-studied economic assistance programs—the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), and Unemployment Insurance (UI)— on the primary prevention of child abuse and neglect (CAN) and intimate partner violence (IPV) during the 2001- 2020 period. Each of these programs has seen significant changes and emergency adjustments during the Covid-19 pandemic, making it critical for public health policy to understand what impacts these programs have on child and family violence and economic stability. Although these programs are not designed as violence prevention tools, theoretical and empirical research clearly indicates that economic supports have the potential to meaningfully impact child and family violence. We will analyze these programs in context of the broader safety net (e.g., Medicaid expansion, state EITC) to study heterogeneous and interactions effects of policies within and across states. Using robust methods, multiple novel data sources, and outstanding institutional resources, our multidisciplinary team will rigorously evaluate the impacts of the SNAP, WIC, and UI programs as primary prevention for IPV and CAN through three interrelated aims: 1) Measure how access to SNAP and WIC and benefit generosity impacts child abuse and neglect and intimate partner violence in the pre-COVID and COVID-eras. 2) Determine whether COVID-era revisions to the UI program that improved access and generosity provided additional protections to women and children, relative to the pre-COVID era. 3) Provide key contextual data for implementation of policy impacts found in Aims 2 and 3 by assessing the responsiveness of the broader safety net as a tool for primary prevention of violence against women and children. Findings from the proposed research will advance the scientific literature on SNAP, WIC, UI, and safety net programs as potential tools for the primary prevention of child abuse and neglect, and intimate partner violence. We will disseminate accessible, evidence-based scientific findings for a variety of general and research audiences through policy briefs, social media, conference presentations, and peer-reviewed journal publications. The national reach and state variation of these programs creates a key potential opportunity to improve violence prevention, health equity, and well-being. By increasing our understanding of existing programs, this research will help scientists and the public health community to learn more about how economic policy interacts with health and social outcomes.

项目摘要/摘要 儿童和家庭暴力是普遍，昂贵且严重的公共卫生问题，与 家庭经济压力，在19日大流行期间，这也大大增加了。支持 家庭收入和减少失业或失业时期的粮食不安全（包括 大流行）可以防止多种形式的家庭暴力，改善儿童的健康，安全和福祉 和女人。拟议研究的目的是严格评估三个大型的影响 研究不足的经济援助计划 - 补充营养援助计划（SNAP），特别 妇女，婴儿和儿童（WIC）和失业保险（UI）的补充营养计划 - 关于2001年期间的主要预防虐待和忽视儿童（CAN）和亲密伴侣暴力（IPV） 2020年。这些程序中的每一个都发生了重大变化和紧急调整。 Covid-19-19的大流行，使得公共卫生政策至关重要，以了解这些计划对这些计划的影响 关于儿童和家庭暴力和经济稳定。尽管这些程序并非被设计为暴力 预防工具，理论和实证研究清楚地表明，经济支持有潜力 有意义地影响儿童和家庭暴力。我们将以更广泛的安全性分析这些程序 网络（例如，医疗补助扩张，州EITC）研究政策内部政策的异质和相互作用的影响 跨州。使用强大的方法，多个新颖的数据源和出色的机构资源，我们的 多学科团队将严格评估SNAP，WIC和UI计划的影响 IPV的预防，可以通过三个相互关联的目的：1）衡量如何访问SNAP和WIC和WIC和 福利会影响虐待儿童，忽视儿童和亲密的伴侣暴力暴力， covid-eras。 2）确定对UI计划的共同修订是否改善了访问权限和 相对于兴就时代，慷慨为妇女和儿童提供了额外的保护。 3） 提供关键的上下文数据，以通过评估在目标2和3中发现的政策影响 更广泛的安全网作为主要预防暴力侵害妇女的工具的响应能力 和孩子。拟议研究的发现将推进有关SNAP，WIC，UI和 安全网计划是主要预防虐待儿童和忽视儿童的潜在工具，以及亲密的伴侣 暴力。我们将为各种一般和研究传播可访问的，基于证据的科学发现 通过政策摘要，社交媒体，会议演讲和同行评审的期刊出版物的观众。 这些计划的全国覆盖范围和国家差异为改善暴力行为创造了关键的潜在机会 预防，健康公平和福祉。通过增加我们对现有计划的理解，这项研究 将帮助科学家和公共卫生社区了解有关经济政策如何与之互动的更多信息 健康和社会成果。