Decision Making on Continuous Scales in Aging and Alzheimers Disease

衰老和阿尔茨海默病的连续规模决策

• 批准号: 10343701
• 负责人: GAIL A MCKOON
• 金额: $ 49.53万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-02-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10343701
• 关键词: Adopted; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease patient; Applications Grants; Area; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Child; Clinical; Color; Data; Decision Making; Decision Modeling; Decision Theory; Depressed mood; Development; Diffusion; Dimensions; Discrimination; Dyslexia; Elderly; Eye Movements; Fingers; Goals; Gold; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Individual; Investigation; Knowledge; Memory; Memory Disorders; Mental Depression; Modality; Modeling; Motion; Neurosciences; Parkinson Disease; Participant; Patients; Perception; Performance; Population; Process; Property; Reaction Time; Recovery; Research; Research Personnel; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Short-Term Memory; Sleep; Speed; Stimulus; Testing; Time; Variant; anxious; base; clinical application; clinical diagnosis; clinically relevant; cognitive process; cognitive task; comparative; discrete time; experimental study; financial literacy; health literacy; long term memory; mathematical ability; mild cognitive impairment; model development; normal aging; preservation; psychologic; psychological aspect of aging; response; simulation; skills; success; tool; touchscreen; young adult

Project Summary/Abstract The goal of the project is to develop a model that explains how decisions are made about information that is continuously distributed across space, with decisions made on continuous scales. The model will provide a unified explanation of the full range of decision-making data, including accuracy, the distributions of response times for correct and incorrect responses, how they change with manipulations of independent variables, and how they differ among individuals and groups of individuals. The totality of these data will place severe constraints on the development of the model and its success. The tasks used to test the model will ask participants to make simple decisions quickly; for example, point to the area on a circle that is the brightest. Brightness is a continuous scale and responses are made on a continuous scale (the circle). Large, comprehensive bodies of data will be collected for decision-making in perception, long-term memory, working memory, and numeracy. Statistical properties of the model will be examined and the numbers of observations needed will be determined for experiments with clinical patients, children, and other populations for whom the time for testing must be short. Four populations of adults will be studied: young adults, adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), adults with early Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and older adults who have no cognitive impairments. The aim will be to understand how normal aging affects individual components of processing in continuous decision-making and how MCI and early AD affect the components. Almost no research has been conducted with AD and MCI patients that models the time course of decision-making and no research has been done for decisions made on continuous response scales about continuously distributed information. It is not known if the components of decision-making are the same for MCI and AD patients as for unimpaired older adults and it is not known how independent variables (e.g., the difficulty of a task) affect performance for MCI and AD patients. It is also not known whether a modeling approach can uncover preserved skills not discernible from accuracy and RT data alone.

项目摘要/摘要 该项目的目的是开发一个模型，以解释如何对信息做出决定 连续分布在空间上，并在连续尺度上做出决定。该模型将提供 统一的解释对决策数据的全部范围，包括准确性，响应的分布 正确和不正确响应的时间，它们如何通过独立变量的操作来改变，以及 他们如何在个人和个人组中有所不同。这些数据的总数将使严重 对模型的发展及其成功的限制。用于测试模型的任务将询问 参与者迅速做出简单的决定；例如，指向最亮的圆圈上的区域。 亮度是一个连续的比例，响应是在连续的刻度（圆）上做出的。大的， 将收集全面的数据机构，以在感知，长期记忆中进行决策 内存和算术。将检查模型的统计特性和观察数量 将确定需要对临床患者，儿童和其他人群进行实验 测试时间必须很短。 将研究四名成人人群：年轻人，有轻度认知障碍的成年人（MCI），成人 患有早期阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）和没有认知障碍的老年人。目的是 了解正常衰老如何影响持续决策和 MCI和早期广告如何影响组件。几乎没有对AD和MCI患者进行研究 该模拟了决策的时间过程，并且没有针对对 连续响应扩展有关连续分布的信息。尚不清楚是否成分 对于MCI和AD患者而言，决策与未损坏的老年人相同，尚不知道如何 自变量（例如，任务的难度）会影响MCI和AD患者的性能。也不 知道建模方法是否可以发现保留的技能，无法从准确性和RT数据中辨别 独自的。