Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Exposures and COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness

全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 暴露与 COVID-19 疫苗的有效性

• 批准号: 10331097
• 负责人: Jefferey L. Burgess
• 金额: $ 26.11万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-16 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10331097
• 关键词: 19 year old; 2019-nCoV; Adult; Age; Alkanesulfonates; Antibodies; Antibody Response; Antibody titer measurement; Arizona; Blood; COVID-19; COVID-19 vaccination; COVID-19 vaccine; COVID-19 vaccine evaluation; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Cessation of life; Chemicals; Child; Collection; Communicable Diseases; Control Groups; Coughing; Data; Diphtheria; Disease; Dose; Effectiveness; Emergency Care; Emergency response; Enrollment; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Exposure to; FDA Emergency Use Authorization; Fever; Florida; Frequencies; Funding; Gender; General Population; Goals; Health; Health Personnel; Healthcare; Hispanics; Immune; Immune response; Individual; Infection; Ingestion; Kidney; Life; Liver; Lung; Maternal Exposure; Measurement; Measures; Mumps; Nature; Nose; Occupations; Organ; Participant; Publishing; Research; Risk; Rubella; SARS-CoV-2 antibody; SARS-CoV-2 infection; Saliva; Sampling; Secondary Immunization; Serum; Site; Source; Specimen; Symptoms; Testing; Tetanus; Time; Toxic effect; United States; Universities; Vaccinated; Vaccination; Vaccines; antibody test; bioaccumulation; case control; consumer product; exposed human population; fire fighter; first responder; ground water; high risk; innovation; perfluorohexane; perfluorooctane sulfonate; recruit; respiratory; response; study population; surveillance study; vaccine effectiveness; vaccine-induced antibodies

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Infection with SARS-CoV-2 and its associated disease state, COVID-19, has resulted in over 374,000 deaths in the United States to date. Vaccines protecting against COVID-19 have recently received FDA emergency use authorization and are being administered to high-risk individuals with wider dissemination to follow. Exposure to per- or polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is associated with reduced immune response following vaccination against other infections, but its effect on COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness is not known. We have a time-sensitive opportunity to determine the effect of serum PFAS on response to COVID-19 vaccination, building on a unique study in ~2,000 healthcare workers, first responders and other essential workers in Arizona without prior COVID- 19 infection, many of whom have either recently been vaccinated or will be vaccinated in the coming months, supplemented by ~700 additional participants from a similar study in both Arizona and Florida. Our objective in this application is to determine the effects of PFAS exposure levels on COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness. Our central hypotheses are that increased PFAS serum concentrations will: 1) reduce initial SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers following COVID-19 vaccination; 2) increase the rate of longitudinal decline in antibody titers; and 3) increase the frequency of COVID-19 during a nine-month period following vaccination. The rationale for this research is that successful completion can be expected to provide new data about the immune effects of PFAS exposure. We will test these hypotheses through two regular and one exploratory specific aims: 1) Evaluate the association of serum PFAS with initial SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers following COVID-19 vaccination; 2) Evaluate the association of serum PFAS with longitudinal decline in SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers following COVID-19 vaccination; and 3) Evaluate the association of serum PFAS concentrations with frequency of COVID-19 following vaccination. For aims 1 and 2, we will select 600 of our Arizona study participants for measurement of serum PFAS following COVID-19 vaccination. As part of the study, these participants will also provide serum for measurement of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies every three months for at least nine months, and provide respiratory samples weekly for PCR testing to identify SARS-CoV-2 infection. For the exploratory aim, we will identify all COVID-19 cases following vaccination in both the Arizona and Florida study populations, and for each case select five matched controls who received COVID-19 vaccination but were not infected with SARS-CoV-2. Serum PFAS levels will be compared across the cases and controls. At study completion, we will have documented the effects of PFAS exposure on SARS-CoV-2 antibodies following COVID-19 vaccination and the frequency of COVID-19 cases following vaccination. The proposed research is significant given the potential for PFAS exposure to reduce the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines. The proposed research is innovative as it is the first to our knowledge to determine the association between serum PFAS levels and measures of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness.

项目概要/摘要 SARS-CoV-2 感染及其相关疾病 COVID-19 已导致 374,000 多人死亡 美国迄今为止。预防 COVID-19 的疫苗最近已获得 FDA 紧急使用 已获得授权，并正在对高风险个人进行管理，随后将进行更广泛的传播。接触 全氟烷基物质或多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 与疫苗接种后免疫反应降低有关 对抗其他感染，但其对 COVID-19 疫苗有效性的影响尚不清楚。我们有一个时间敏感的 有机会确定血清 PFAS 对 COVID-19 疫苗接种反应的影响，建立在独特的基础上 对亚利桑那州约 2,000 名没有感染过新冠病毒的医护人员、急救人员和其他重要工作人员进行的研究 19 感染者，其中许多人最近接种过疫苗或将在未来几个月内接种疫苗， 亚利桑那州和佛罗里达州的一项类似研究中约有 700 名额外参与者对此进行了补充。我们的目标是 该应用旨在确定 PFAS 暴露水平对 COVID-19 疫苗有效性的影响。我们的 中心假设是，增加 PFAS 血清浓度将：1) 降低初始 SARS-CoV-2 抗体 COVID-19 疫苗接种后的滴度； 2) 增加抗体滴度纵向下降的速度；和 3) 增加疫苗接种后 9 个月内感染 COVID-19 的频率。这样做的理由 研究的成功完成有望提供有关 PFAS 免疫效应的新数据 接触。我们将通过两个常规目标和一个探索性具体目标来测试这些假设：1）评估 COVID-19 疫苗接种后血清 PFAS 与初始 SARS-CoV-2 抗体滴度的关联； 2）评估 血清 PFAS 与 COVID-19 后 SARS-CoV-2 抗体滴度纵向下降的关系 疫苗接种； 3) 评估血清 PFAS 浓度与 COVID-19 频率的关联 接种疫苗后。对于目标 1 和 2，我们将选择 600 名亚利桑那州研究参与者来衡量 COVID-19 疫苗接种后的血清 PFAS。作为研究的一部分，这些参与者还将提供血清 每三个月测量一次 SARS-CoV-2 抗体，持续至少九个月，并提供呼吸系统信息 每周取样进行 PCR 检测，以确定 SARS-CoV-2 感染。为了探索性目标，我们将确定所有 亚利桑那州和佛罗里达州研究人群中接种疫苗后的 COVID-19 病例，以及每个病例 选择五名接受了 COVID-19 疫苗接种但未感染 SARS-CoV-2 的匹配对照。血清 将比较病例和对照的 PFAS 水平。研究完成后，我们将记录 COVID-19 疫苗接种后 PFAS 暴露对 SARS-CoV-2 抗体的影响以及接种频率 接种疫苗后的 COVID-19 病例。鉴于 PFAS 的潜力，拟议的研究意义重大 暴露会降低 COVID-19 疫苗的有效性。拟议的研究具有创新性，因为它是 据我们所知，首先确定血清 PFAS 水平与 COVID-19 测量值之间的关联 疫苗的有效性。