Reinforcement Mechanisms for Learning Vocal Behaviors

学习声音行为的强化机制

• 批准号: 10320400
• 负责人: TODD F ROBERTS
• 金额: $ 47.47万
• 依托单位: UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-04-01 至 2023-09-25
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10320400
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adult; Architecture; Area; Axon; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Birds; Brain; Cell Nucleus; Complex; Corpus striatum structure; Courtship; Detection; Development; Disease; Elements; Functional disorder; Future; Helping Behavior; Individual; Laboratories; Learning; Life; Light; Maintenance; Methods; Modeling; Modification; Motor Skills; Movement; Noise; Pathway interactions; Performance; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Play; Presynaptic Terminals; Process; Psychological reinforcement; Research; Role; Signal Transduction; Soccer; Songbirds; Source; Testing; Ursidae Family; Ventral Tegmental Area; Viral; Volition; base; experience; experimental study; motor behavior; motor skill learning; neural network; novel; optogenetics; reinforced behavior; sound; syntax; tool; tutoring; vocal learning; zebra finch

Project Summary It is commonly appreciated that cortico-basal ganglia circuits are involved in the volitional control, initiation and cessation of movements. Perhaps less well appreciated is the role of the basal ganglia in learning and adaptive modification of skilled motor behaviors. An emerging view is that cortico-basal ganglia circuits play a prominent role in trial-and-error learning of skilled behaviors by helping to optimize future performances. Yet, the role of the cortico-basal ganglia circuits in optimizing the performance of naturally learned skilled behaviors is still poorly understood. To provide a better understanding of the basal ganglia's role in learning motor skills, we will apply closed-loop optogenetic methods in the study of a well delineated cortico-basal ganglia pathway in the songbird. Zebra finches learn to produce a complex courtship song during development and practice extensively to maintain expert performance of their song in adulthood. Using song-contingent (closed-loop) optogenetic inhibition and excitation this research will dissect the functional contribution of striatal circuits and their cortical and subcortical inputs during learning and maintenance of song. This research will test the function of different inputs to the zebra finch vocal striatum in learning and examine how prominent models of basal ganglia function, developed through the study of externally reinforced behaviors in the laboratory, bear on the learning of a naturally produced skilled motor behavior.

项目概要 人们普遍认为皮质基底神经节回路参与意志控制、启动和 停止运动。也许基底神经节在学习和适应性方面的作用不太受重视 改变熟练的运动行为。一种新兴的观点认为，皮质基底神经节回路在 通过帮助优化未来的表现，在熟练行为的试错学习中发挥作用。然而，角色 皮质基底神经节回路在优化自然习得的技能行为的表现方面仍然是 不太了解。为了更好地了解基底神经节在学习运动技能中的作用，我们将 应用闭环光遗传学方法研究清晰的皮质基底节通路 鸣禽。斑胸草雀在发育和练习过程中学会发出复杂的求爱歌曲 广泛地保持他们成年后歌曲的专业表现。使用歌曲队伍 （闭环）光遗传学抑制和激发这项研究将剖析纹状体的功能贡献 学习和维持歌曲期间的电路及其皮层和皮层下输入。这项研究将 测试斑马雀声纹状体不同输入的功能在学习中的作用并检查其突出程度 基底神经节功能模型，通过研究外部强化行为而开发 实验室负责学习自然产生的熟练运动行为。