Secondhand Harms from Alcohol & Drugs: Impacts on Families and Communities across the US

酒精造成的二手危害

基本信息

批准号：
10318035
负责人：
Katherine J. Karriker-Jaffe
金额：
$ 62.8万
依托单位：
PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-20 至 2026-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10318035
关键词：
ATOD Abate Adult Affect Age Alcohol consumption Alcohols Anxiety Area COVID-19 pandemic Case Study Characteristics Child Chronic Cocaine Communities Country Crime Data Data Reporting Development Distress Drug usage Environment Equipment and supply inventories Ethnic Origin Extended Family Family Family member Foundations Friends Funding Future Gender Gender Identity Grant Harm Reduction Health Policy Health Status Heroin Income Individual Intervention Knowledge Legal Legal Status Literature Marijuana Medical Mental Depression Mental Health Methamphetamine Monitor National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Neighborhoods Opioid Opioid Analgesics Patient Self-Report Pattern Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacotherapy Policies Policy Developments Population Prevalence Prevention Prevention program Public Health Quality of life Race Report (document)Research Risk Risk Factors Role Series Severities Sex Orientation Sexual and Gender Minorities Social Controls Social Environment Socioeconomic Status Solid Spouses Stress Subgroup Surveys Taxes Tobacco Woman alcohol abuse therapy alcohol availability alcohol epidemiology alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use base community planning cost design drinking driving under influence environmental tobacco smoke experience follow-up innovation intervention program negative affect opioid epidemic perpetrators physical conditioning polysubstance use population survey programs racial and ethnic social social relationships substance use trend

项目摘要

Secondhand harms from alcohol—also called alcohol’s harms to others—negatively affect users’ children, partners, extended families, friends, neighbors, and communities. In contrast to alcohol-related harms, a comprehensive empirical inventory of types, rates and impacts of secondhand harm from drugs in the US has been entirely lacking. As states and communities grapple with challenges posed by legalization of recreational marijuana, the worsening opioid crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, understanding how use of different drugs (alone and in combination with alcohol) impacts families and communities takes on new importance to inform policies and programs to minimize harm. This study, Secondhand Harms from Alcohol & Drugs: Impacts on Families and Communities across the US, will build upon a prior NIAAA-funded study of alcohol’s harm to others (R01AA022791) to fill this gap. We propose to develop, field and analyze the 2023 US Alcohol and Drug Harm to Others Survey, a representative adult population survey focused on a key set of harms experienced by victims of others’ use of prevalent substances including alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, opioid painkillers, heroin, cocaine and methamphetamine. Using geocoded self-report data, we will assess prevalence of secondhand impacts of each substance and of multiple substance use; rates and severity of harms from different types of “others” (spouses/partners, family members, co-workers, friends and strangers); mental and physical health impacts; and risk factors including victims’ personal characteristics and own substance use, as well as their neighborhood, community and state contexts. The Aims are to: (1) document prevalence, overlap and trends in secondhand harms from alcohol and drugs, (2) examine contexts contributing to secondhand harms, and (3) assess impacts of secondhand harms from alcohol and drugs on mental and physical health and quality of life. Based on our experience designing and analyzing national surveys, we propose to conduct a comprehensive survey to collect detailed data on secondhand alcohol and drug harms, and analyze these using advanced strategies, including some co-analysis with existing data on secondhand harms collected before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Major project innovations will be to generate comprehensive US population estimates of specific secondhand drug harms, collect new longitudinal data, and study trends in alcohol and marijuana harms. A conceptual innovation is to investigate the role of both macro (neighborhoods, state contexts) and micro (drinking contexts, social relationships) environments vis a vis secondhand harms from alcohol and specific drugs. Despite importance for prevention, few studies have identified environmental contexts in which secondhand harms from alcohol and various drugs occur. We will examine how environments may contribute to (or minimize) specific harms for women and other high-priority groups (racial/ethnic minorities and sexual/gender minorities). Documenting types, overlap and severity of secondhand harms from alcohol and drugs has great practical utility for prevention and promises to inform future development of effective public health policies.

二手有害酒精（也称为酒精对他人的危害）会对使用者的孩子产生负面影响，与酒精相关的危害相比，伴侣、大家庭、朋友、邻居和社区。美国二手毒品伤害的类型、比率和影响的全面实证清单当各州和社区努力应对娱乐合法化带来的挑战时，这一切都完全缺乏。大麻、日益恶化的阿片类药物危机和 COVID-19 大流行，了解如何使用不同药物（单独或与酒精影响相结合）家庭和社区在告知信息方面变得更加重要最大限度地减少伤害的政策和计划这项研究，酒精和毒品造成的二手伤害：对的影响。美国各地的家庭和社区将在 NIAAA 资助的一项关于酒精对人体危害的研究的基础上进行研究其他 (R01AA022791) 来填补这一空白我们建议开发、记录和分析 2023 年美国酒精和毒品。对他人的伤害调查，一项具有代表性的成年人口调查，重点关注以下人群所经历的一系列关键伤害他人使用常见物质的受害者，包括酒精、烟草、大麻、阿片类止痛药、海洛因、使用地理编码的自我报告数据，我们将评估二手可卡因和甲基苯丙胺的流行率。每种物质和多种物质使用的影响；不同类型的危害的比率和严重程度 “其他人”（配偶/伴侣、家庭成员、同事、朋友和陌生人）；影响；和风险因素，包括受害者的个人特征和自己的药物使用情况，以及他们的情况邻里、社区和州背景目标是： (1) 记录以下方面的流行情况、重叠和趋势。酒精和毒品造成的二手伤害，(2) 检查造成二手伤害的背景，以及 (3) 评估酒精和毒品造成的二手伤害对身心健康和生活质量的影响。根据我们设计和分析全国调查的经验，我们建议开展全面的调查调查收集有关二手酒和毒品危害的详细数据，并使用先进的技术进行分析战略，包括与在实施之前和期间收集的有关二手伤害的现有数据进行一些共同分析 COVID-19 大流行的主要项目创新将是对美国人口进行全面估计。具体的二手毒品危害，收集新的纵向数据，并研究酒精和大麻危害的趋势。概念创新是研究宏观（社区、国家环境）和微观的作用。（饮酒环境、社会关系）环境与酒精和特定物质造成的二手危害尽管预防很重要，但很少有研究确定了环境背景我们将研究环境如何导致酒精和各种药物造成的二手伤害。（或尽量减少）对妇女和其他高度优先群体（种族/族裔少数群体和性/性别）的具体伤害记录酒精和毒品造成的二手伤害的类型、重叠和严重程度具有重要意义。预防的实际用途，并有望为未来制定有效的公共卫生政策提供信息。