Understanding the links between parental and adolescent substance use:complementary natural experiments using the children of twins design

了解父母和青少年物质使用之间的联系：使用双胞胎设计的补充自然实验

• 批准号: 10274208
• 负责人: JOHN K. HEWITT
• 金额: $ 86.93万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-05-01 至 2027-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10274208
• 关键词: 18 year old; 21 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent marijuana use; Adult; Attenuated; Attitude; Behavior; Caregivers; Child; Child Behavior; Child Rearing; Collaborations; Colorado; Conflict (Psychology); Controlled Study; Data; Disease; Disinhibition; District of Columbia; Environment; Environmental Impact; Evaluation; Family; Genetic; Hereditary Disease; Human Development; Impulsivity; Individual; Intervention; Laws; Lead; Legal; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Marijuana; Measures; Medical; Minnesota; Modeling; Monitor; Natural experiment; Nuclear Family; Observational Study; Parents; Participant; Policies; Prevention; Preventive; Process; Public Policy; Research Design; Risk; Risk-Taking; Sampling; Schedule; Shapes; Socialization; Substance Use Disorder; Testing; Time; Twin Multiple Birth; Twin Studies; United States; addiction; adolescent substance use; behavioral disinhibition; cost effectiveness; design; deviant; innovation; intergenerational; marijuana legalization; marijuana use; marijuana use disorder; next generation; prospective; recruit; substance use; theories; transmission process

PROJECT SUMMARY A fundamental question in human development is how and to what extent parents shape the behavior of their children. Current perspectives on the intergenerational transmission of substance use and disorder have been greatly influenced by longstanding socialization theories of parental modeling and problematic parenting. At the same time, substance use and disorder are heritable and substance using parents also pass genetic liability to use substances to their children. Identifying causal mechanisms of intergenerational transmission is critical to develop and implement effective preventive–intervention efforts, but observational studies of nuclear families and parent–child dyads fully confound socialization and genetic influences. Effects of parental substance use within families are particularly salient now, in the context of rapid shifts in marijuana legality, availability, and acceptability. We will examine the intergenerational impact of parental marijuana use using two complementary natural experiments — the children of twins design and a comparison of two states with markedly different marijuana laws — in 6,457 parents and adolescents from 1,902 families in Colorado and Minnesota. Twin parents are participants in the Colorado–Minnesota Marijuana Study (DA042755), a collaboration between two genetically informative, longitudinal twin studies with parallel, multi-wave, longitudinal measures that are conducted in two states with marked differences in current marijuana legality and availability. We now intend to recruit and twins’ adolescent children, and nontwin parents/caregivers, to evaluate parent–child transmission of marijuana use and disorder. The following specific aims will be addressed: (1) Differentiate mechanisms of parent–child transmission of marijuana use and disorder using an innovative children of twins design; (2) Determine effects of marijuana legalization on parents, families, and adolescents by comparing parental and adolescent marijuana use, parenting practices, and the family environment in two states with markedly different marijuana laws; and (3) Delineate effects of behavioral disinhibition in the context of marijuana legalization, testing the hypothesis that parents and adolescents with greater disinhibition will use marijuana at higher rates and/or with more problems in Colorado. Leveraging these uniquely informative, complementary study designs, as well as the comprehensive longitudinal data already collected in these twin samples, we will be able to answer important questions about the intergenerational transmission of substance use in a rapidly changing landscape —legalized recreational marijuana — with critical implications for prevention and intervention efforts and public policy.

项目概要 人类发展的一个基本问题是父母如何以及在多大程度上塑造了孩子的行为 目前对物质使用和疾病的代际传播的看法是 深受长期存在的父母榜样和问题养育的社会化理论的影响。 同时，物质使用和疾病是可遗传的，物质使用父母也将遗传倾向传递给 确定代际传播的因果机制对于儿童使用物质至关重要。 制定和实施有效的预防干预措施，但对核心家庭进行观察性研究 和亲子关系完全混淆了父母物质使用的影响和遗传影响。 在大麻合法性、可获得性和大麻合法性迅速变化的背景下，家庭内部的问题现在尤为突出。 我们将使用两种互补的方法来研究父母吸食大麻的代际影响。 自然实验——双胞胎的孩子设计和两种状态明显不同的比较 大麻法——涉及科罗拉多州和明尼苏达州双城 1,902 个家庭的 6,457 名家长和青少年。 父母是科罗拉多州-明尼苏达州大麻研究 (DA042755) 的参与者，该研究是两个人之间的合作 具有遗传信息的纵向双胞胎研究，采用平行、多波、纵向测量 我们现在打算在当前大麻合法性和可用性存在显着差异的两个州进行。 招募双胞胎的青春期儿童以及非双胞胎父母/照顾者，以评估亲子传播 将解决以下具体目标：（1）区分大麻使用和障碍的机制。 使用创新的双胞胎儿童设计来传播大麻使用和障碍（2）； 通过比较父母的行为来确定大麻合法化对父母、家庭和青少年的影响 两个州的青少年大麻使用、养育方式和家庭环境都有显着差异 不同的大麻法；以及 (3) 描述大麻背景下行为去抑制的影响 合法化，检验抑制解除程度较高的父母和青少年会使用大麻的假设 在科罗拉多州以更高的利率和/或更多的问题利用这些独特的信息、互补性。 研究设计，以及在这些双胞胎样本中已经收集的综合纵向数据，我们将 能够快速回答有关物质使用代际传播的重要问题 不断变化的景观——娱乐性大麻合法化——对预防和预防具有重大影响 干预措施和公共政策。