Understanding the links between parental and adolescent substance use:complementary natural experiments using the children of twins design

了解父母和青少年物质使用之间的联系：使用双胞胎设计的补充自然实验

• 批准号: 10274208
• 负责人: JOHN K. HEWITT
• 金额: $ 86.93万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-05-01 至 2027-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10274208
• 关键词: 18 year old; 21 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent marijuana use; Adult; Attenuated; Attitude; Behavior; Caregivers; Child; Child Behavior; Child Rearing; Collaborations; Colorado; Conflict (Psychology); Controlled Study; Data; Disease; Disinhibition; District of Columbia; Environment; Environmental Impact; Evaluation; Family; Genetic; Hereditary Disease; Human Development; Impulsivity; Individual; Intervention; Laws; Lead; Legal; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Marijuana; Measures; Medical; Minnesota; Modeling; Monitor; Natural experiment; Nuclear Family; Observational Study; Parents; Participant; Policies; Prevention; Preventive; Process; Public Policy; Research Design; Risk; Risk-Taking; Sampling; Schedule; Shapes; Socialization; Substance Use Disorder; Testing; Time; Twin Multiple Birth; Twin Studies; United States; addiction; adolescent substance use; behavioral disinhibition; cost effectiveness; design; deviant; innovation; intergenerational; marijuana legalization; marijuana use; marijuana use disorder; next generation; prospective; recruit; substance use; theories; transmission process

PROJECT SUMMARY A fundamental question in human development is how and to what extent parents shape the behavior of their children. Current perspectives on the intergenerational transmission of substance use and disorder have been greatly influenced by longstanding socialization theories of parental modeling and problematic parenting. At the same time, substance use and disorder are heritable and substance using parents also pass genetic liability to use substances to their children. Identifying causal mechanisms of intergenerational transmission is critical to develop and implement effective preventive–intervention efforts, but observational studies of nuclear families and parent–child dyads fully confound socialization and genetic influences. Effects of parental substance use within families are particularly salient now, in the context of rapid shifts in marijuana legality, availability, and acceptability. We will examine the intergenerational impact of parental marijuana use using two complementary natural experiments — the children of twins design and a comparison of two states with markedly different marijuana laws — in 6,457 parents and adolescents from 1,902 families in Colorado and Minnesota. Twin parents are participants in the Colorado–Minnesota Marijuana Study (DA042755), a collaboration between two genetically informative, longitudinal twin studies with parallel, multi-wave, longitudinal measures that are conducted in two states with marked differences in current marijuana legality and availability. We now intend to recruit and twins’ adolescent children, and nontwin parents/caregivers, to evaluate parent–child transmission of marijuana use and disorder. The following specific aims will be addressed: (1) Differentiate mechanisms of parent–child transmission of marijuana use and disorder using an innovative children of twins design; (2) Determine effects of marijuana legalization on parents, families, and adolescents by comparing parental and adolescent marijuana use, parenting practices, and the family environment in two states with markedly different marijuana laws; and (3) Delineate effects of behavioral disinhibition in the context of marijuana legalization, testing the hypothesis that parents and adolescents with greater disinhibition will use marijuana at higher rates and/or with more problems in Colorado. Leveraging these uniquely informative, complementary study designs, as well as the comprehensive longitudinal data already collected in these twin samples, we will be able to answer important questions about the intergenerational transmission of substance use in a rapidly changing landscape —legalized recreational marijuana — with critical implications for prevention and intervention efforts and public policy.

项目摘要 人类发展中的一个基本问题是父母如何以及在何种程度上塑造其行为 孩子们。关于物质使用和混乱的代际传播的当前观点已经 长期以来，父母建模和有问题的育儿理论的影响很大。在 同时，使用物质和混乱是可遗传的，使用父母的物质也将遗传责任传递给 用物质向孩子使用。确定代际传播的因果机制对于 开发和实施有效的预防性干预工作，但核心家庭的观察性研究 父母 - 孩子二元组完全混淆了社会化和遗传影响。父母使用物质的影响 在大麻合法性，可用性和大麻的迅速转变的背景下，家庭内部尤为重要 可接受性。我们将使用两种完善的父母大麻使用的代际影响 自然实验 - 双胞胎设计的孩子和两个明显不同的州的比较 大麻法律 - 来自科罗拉多州和明尼苏达州1,902个家庭的6,457名父母和青少年。双 父母是科罗拉多州 - 明尼苏达州大麻研究（DA042755）的参与者，这是两个 具有平行，多波，纵向测量的一般信息，纵向双胞胎研究 在当前大麻合法性和可用性方面有明显差异的两个州进行。我们现在打算 招募和双胞胎的青春期孩子以及诺斯温的父母/照顾者，以评估父母的传播 大麻使用和混乱。将解决以下具体目标：（1）区分 使用双胞胎设计的创新儿童的大麻使用和混乱的父母传播； （2） 通过比较父母，确定大麻合法化对父母，家庭和青少年的影响 以及青少年的大麻使用，育儿惯例以及两个州的家庭环境 不同的大麻法； （3）在大麻背景下描述行为抑制的影响 合法化，检验以下假设：父母和青少年更加抑制大麻将使用大麻 以较高的速度和/或科罗拉多州有更多问题。利用这些独特的信息，完整的 研究设计以及这些双胞胎样本中已经收集的综合纵向数据，我们将 能够回答有关迅速使用物质使用的代际传播的重要问题 改变景观 - 合理化的休闲大麻 - 对预防和 干预工作和公共政策。