Optimizing Bioremediation for Risk Reduction Using Integrated Bioassay, Non-Target Analysis and Genomic Mining Techniques

使用综合生物测定、非目标分析和基因组挖掘技术优化生物修复以降低风险

• 批准号: 10179383
• 负责人: Thomas Michael Young
• 金额: $ 33.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10179383
• 关键词: Address; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Atrazine; Biodegradation; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Bioreactors; Bioremediations; Carbon; Chemicals; Communities; Consult; Databases; Degradation Pathway; Detection; Drug Metabolic Detoxication; Ecosystem; Engineering; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Pollution; Enzymes; Exposure to; Face; Fractionation; Genomics; Hazardous Substances; Herbicides; Human; Immunoassay; Investigation; Lab-On-A-Chips; Lead; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Mining; Modeling; Operon; Organism; Outcomes Research; Oxidants; Oxidative Stress; Parents; Pathway interactions; Performance; Pesticides; Population; Reaction; Research; Resolution; Risk; Risk Reduction; Sampling; Signal Recognition Particle; Simazine; Site; Source; Speed; Stream; Superfund; System; Targeted Toxins; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Toxic effect; Translational Research; Triazines; Tribes; Yurok; base; community engagement; design; design and construction; endoplasmic reticulum stress; exposed human population; ground water; hazard; high throughput screening; improved; in vitro Bioassay; innovation; insight; interest; member; metabolomics; microbial; microbial community; microbiota; microorganism; mineralization; multiple omics; nanosensors; novel; novel strategies; operation; programs; remediation; statistics; superfund chemical; superfund site; tool; tribal lands; tribal member; wasting

ABSTRACT: PROJECT 1 This project will develop and evaluate a comprehensive and integrated suite of analytical, computational, and bioassay based approaches for assessing overall reductions in toxicity resulting from bioremediation of Superfund (SF) sites. These tools will then be applied to optimize biodegradation of two contaminant mixtures, triazine herbicides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons representative of environmental exposures faced by our community partners the Yurok Tribe, through systematic investigation of carbon sources, electron acceptors, and reactor detention times. Although both of these contaminant mixtures are known to biodegrade, transformation products (TPs) accumulate and are widely found in groundwater (triazines) and/or have increased toxicity compared to parent compounds (PAHs). Bioreactor performance will be characterized by measuring shifts in microbial community composition, bioassay activity, and both target and nontarget chemical concentrations measured with GC and LC high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). This combination of measurements will provide unique insights into interactions among contaminant transformations, microbial populations and overall reductions in human and ecosystem risks. Novel enzyme engineering approaches will be used to identify rate limiting steps in triazine mineralization and to isolate or design improved enzymes to carry out these steps. Microorganisms with improved ability to degrade triazines will be prepared and tested in the bioreactors to assess ability to remove target compounds and to reduce overall bioactivity compared to standard enrichment approaches. Our central hypothesis is that chemical hazard reduction during SF site remediation can be best characterized through broad consideration of both contaminant destruction and byproduct formation. We further hypothesize that a minimum suite of high- throughput assays can be defined to effectively capture the overall risk reduction during remediation and that this suite of assays can guide optimization of bioreactor design and operation. This project will support a paradigm shift in the SRP away from reducing concentrations of specific constituents and toward the overall reduction of deleterious biological effects. The project is strongly integrated with the overall program, drawing on HRMS, metabolomics, and statistical expertise in the Analytical Core, the full range of bioassays available in the Bioanalytical Core, immunoassays from Project 3 especially for triazines and TPs, as well as integrative bioassays for ER and oxidative stress being developed by Projects 4 and 5. The bioassay suite developed here will be used to analyze environmental samples collected through the Community Engagement Core and the overall workflow will be transferred to a broader user community with the assistance of the Research Translation Core.

摘要：项目1 该项目将开发和评估一个分析，计算和 基于生物测定的方法，用于评估因生物修复而导致的毒性总体降低的方法 超级基金（SF）站点。然后，这些工具将应用于优化两种污染物混合物的生物降解，即 三嗪除草剂和多环芳烃烃代表着面临的环境暴露。 我们的社区合作伙伴Yurok Tribe，通过对碳源的系统调查，电子 受体和反应堆拘留时间。尽管已知这两种污染物混合物都是生物降解的，但 转化产物（TPS）积累，并在地下水（三环）中广泛发现和/或 与母体化合物（PAHS）相比，毒性升高。生物反应器的性能将以 测量微生物社区组成，生物测定活动以及目标和非目标的转变 用GC和LC高分辨率质谱（HRMS）测量的化学浓度。这 测量的组合将为污染物之间的相互作用提供独特的见解 人类和生态系统风险的转化，微生物种群以及总体减少。新型酶 工程方法将用于确定三嗪矿化中的速率限制步骤，并隔离或隔离 设计改进了这些步骤。微生物具有提高的降解三轮的能力 将在生物反应器中准备和测试，以评估去除目标化合物的能力并减少 与标准富集方法相比，总体生物活性。我们的中心假设是化学 SF站点修复期间的危害降低可以通过广泛考虑两者来最好地表征 污染物破坏和副产品形成。我们进一步假设，最低套件的高度套件 可以定义吞吐量测定以有效捕获补救过程中的总体风险降低，并且 这套测定套件可以指导生物反应器设计和操作的优化。该项目将支持 SRP的范式转移从减少特定成分的浓度和整体转移 减少有害生物学作用。该项目与整个程序有很强的集成 在分析核心的HRM，代谢组学和统计专业知识上 在生物分析核心中，项目3的免疫测定尤其是三嗪和TPS，以及综合 项目4和5开发了ER和氧化应激的生物测定。生物测定套件开发了 这里将用于分析通过社区参与核心收集的环境样本，并 在研究的帮助下，整体工作流将转移到更广泛的用户社区 翻译核心。