Optimizing Bioremediation for Risk Reduction Using Integrated Bioassay, Non-Target Analysis and Genomic Mining Techniques

使用综合生物测定、非目标分析和基因组挖掘技术优化生物修复以降低风险

• 批准号: 10179383
• 负责人: Thomas Michael Young
• 金额: $ 33.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10179383
• 关键词: Address; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Atrazine; Biodegradation; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Bioreactors; Bioremediations; Carbon; Chemicals; Communities; Consult; Databases; Degradation Pathway; Detection; Drug Metabolic Detoxication; Ecosystem; Engineering; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Pollution; Enzymes; Exposure to; Face; Fractionation; Genomics; Hazardous Substances; Herbicides; Human; Immunoassay; Investigation; Lab-On-A-Chips; Lead; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Mining; Modeling; Operon; Organism; Outcomes Research; Oxidants; Oxidative Stress; Parents; Pathway interactions; Performance; Pesticides; Population; Reaction; Research; Resolution; Risk; Risk Reduction; Sampling; Signal Recognition Particle; Simazine; Site; Source; Speed; Stream; Superfund; System; Targeted Toxins; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Toxic effect; Translational Research; Triazines; Tribes; Yurok; base; community engagement; design; design and construction; endoplasmic reticulum stress; exposed human population; ground water; hazard; high throughput screening; improved; in vitro Bioassay; innovation; insight; interest; member; metabolomics; microbial; microbial community; microbiota; microorganism; mineralization; multiple omics; nanosensors; novel; novel strategies; operation; programs; remediation; statistics; superfund chemical; superfund site; tool; tribal lands; tribal member; wasting

ABSTRACT: PROJECT 1 This project will develop and evaluate a comprehensive and integrated suite of analytical, computational, and bioassay based approaches for assessing overall reductions in toxicity resulting from bioremediation of Superfund (SF) sites. These tools will then be applied to optimize biodegradation of two contaminant mixtures, triazine herbicides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons representative of environmental exposures faced by our community partners the Yurok Tribe, through systematic investigation of carbon sources, electron acceptors, and reactor detention times. Although both of these contaminant mixtures are known to biodegrade, transformation products (TPs) accumulate and are widely found in groundwater (triazines) and/or have increased toxicity compared to parent compounds (PAHs). Bioreactor performance will be characterized by measuring shifts in microbial community composition, bioassay activity, and both target and nontarget chemical concentrations measured with GC and LC high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). This combination of measurements will provide unique insights into interactions among contaminant transformations, microbial populations and overall reductions in human and ecosystem risks. Novel enzyme engineering approaches will be used to identify rate limiting steps in triazine mineralization and to isolate or design improved enzymes to carry out these steps. Microorganisms with improved ability to degrade triazines will be prepared and tested in the bioreactors to assess ability to remove target compounds and to reduce overall bioactivity compared to standard enrichment approaches. Our central hypothesis is that chemical hazard reduction during SF site remediation can be best characterized through broad consideration of both contaminant destruction and byproduct formation. We further hypothesize that a minimum suite of high- throughput assays can be defined to effectively capture the overall risk reduction during remediation and that this suite of assays can guide optimization of bioreactor design and operation. This project will support a paradigm shift in the SRP away from reducing concentrations of specific constituents and toward the overall reduction of deleterious biological effects. The project is strongly integrated with the overall program, drawing on HRMS, metabolomics, and statistical expertise in the Analytical Core, the full range of bioassays available in the Bioanalytical Core, immunoassays from Project 3 especially for triazines and TPs, as well as integrative bioassays for ER and oxidative stress being developed by Projects 4 and 5. The bioassay suite developed here will be used to analyze environmental samples collected through the Community Engagement Core and the overall workflow will be transferred to a broader user community with the assistance of the Research Translation Core.

摘要：项目 1 该项目将开发和评估一套全面、综合的分析、计算和 基于生物测定的方法，用于评估生物修复引起的总体毒性降低 超级基金 (SF) 网站。然后，这些工具将用于优化两种污染物混合物的生物降解， 三嗪除草剂和多环芳烃代表了所面临的环境暴露 我们的社区与 Yurok 部落合作，通过对碳源、电子 受体和反应堆滞留时间。尽管已知这两种污染物混合物都可以生物降解， 转化产物 (TP) 积累并广泛存在于地下水（三嗪）中和/或具有 与母体化合物 (PAH) 相比，毒性增加。生物反应器的性能特征在于 测量微生物群落组成、生物测定活性以及目标和非目标的变化 使用 GC 和 LC 高分辨率质谱 (HRMS) 测量化学浓度。这 测量组合将为污染物之间的相互作用提供独特的见解 转化、微生物种群以及人类和生态系统风险的总体减少。新型酶 工程方法将用于确定三嗪矿化的限速步骤并分离或分离 设计改进的酶来执行这些步骤。微生物降解三嗪的能力得到提高 将在生物反应器中制备和测试，以评估去除目标化合物和减少 与标准富集方法相比的总体生物活性。我们的中心假设是化学 SF场地修复期间的危害减少可以通过广泛考虑以下两个方面来最好地描述： 污染物破坏和副产品形成。我们进一步假设一个最小的高套件 可以定义吞吐量分析以有效捕获修复期间的总体风险降低情况，并且 这套检测方法可以指导生物反应器设计和操作的优化。该项目将支持 SRP 的范式转变，从降低特定成分的浓度转向整体 减少有害的生物效应。该项目与总体方案紧密结合，绘制 分析核心中的 HRMS、代谢组学和统计专业知识，提供全方位的生物测定 在生物分析核心中，项目 3 的免疫分析（特别是三嗪和 TP）以及综合分析 项目 4 和 5 正在开发 ER 和氧化应激的生物测定法。开发的生物测定套件 这里将用于分析通过社区参与核心收集的环境样本 整个工作流程将在研究的协助下转移到更广泛的用户社区 翻译核心。