HIV Risk and Access to Health Care Among Mobile Populations

流动人口的艾滋病毒风险和获得医疗保健的机会

• 批准号: 10179431
• 负责人: Ana P Martinez-Donate
• 金额: $ 64.92万
• 依托单位: DREXEL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-13 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10179431
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Area; Biometry; Border Community; Clinic; Communities; Data; Destinations; Dimensions; Disease; Enrollment; Environment; Environmental Health; Exposure to; Funding; Future; Geography; HIV; HIV risk; Health; Health Services; Health Services Accessibility; Health Status; Health behavior; Healthcare; Immigrant; Immigration; Individual; Infrastructure; Intercept; International; International Migrations; Interview; Longitudinal Studies; Mental Health; Methodology; Methods; Mexican; Mexico; Migrant; Monitor; Outcome; Phase; Policies; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Probability; Procedures; Prospective Studies; Reproductive Health; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resources; Respondent; Risk Factors; Survey Methodology; Surveys; Telephone; Travel; Variant; Vulnerable Populations; Work; burden of illness; feasibility testing; follow-up; health care availability; health care service; health data; health disparity; improved; instrument; marginalized population; migration; novel; programs; protective factors; response; social health determinants; social vulnerability; substance use; Address; Adopted; Area; Biometry; Border Community; Clinic; Communities; Data; Destinations; Dimensions; Disease; Enrollment; Environment; Environmental Health; Exposure to; Funding; Future; Geography; HIV; HIV risk; Health; Health Services; Health Services Accessibility; Health Status; Health behavior; Healthcare; Immigrant; Immigration; Individual; Infrastructure; Intercept; International; International Migrations; Interview; Longitudinal Studies; Mental Health; Methodology; Methods; Mexican; Mexico; Migrant; Monitor; Outcome; Phase; Policies; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Probability; Procedures; Prospective Studies; Reproductive Health; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resources; Respondent; Risk Factors; Survey Methodology; Surveys; Telephone; Travel; Variant; Vulnerable Populations; Work; burden of illness; feasibility testing; follow-up; health care availability; health care service; health data; health disparity; improved; instrument; marginalized population; migration; novel; programs; protective factors; response; social health determinants; social vulnerability; substance use

PROJECT SUMMARY Mexican migrants traveling through the U.S.-Mexico border region represent a large, highly mobile, and socially vulnerable subset of Mexican nationals. Population-level health data for this group is hard to obtain given their geographic dispersion, mobility, and largely undocumented status. Over the last 9 years, we have adopted a unique migration framework and novel methodological approach to characterize disease burden, health behaviors, and exposure to protective and risk factors among these migrants. We have implemented probability surveys of Mexican migrant flows in Tijuana, Mexico, producing population-level health estimates for migrants in the premigration, transit, destination, interception/deportation, and return phases. To date, we have examined two health areas: HIV risk and access to health care. Findings from our previous phase have propelled the establishment of free prevention clinics in five deportation stations along the Mexican border with funding from the Mexican Secretariat of Health. Over the next 5 years, we propose to continue and expand this work by (a) extending the survey east to two additional border cities in order to reach migrants traveling from, through, and to other regions; and (b) examining additional health areas to obtain a more complete picture of Mexican migrant health. We will conduct 3 probability surveys of migrant flows in Tijuana, Nogales, and Nuevo Laredo (N=1,200 ea.). In addition to data on health status and health care access, each survey will have a special focus: 1) HIV and Sexual/Reproductive Health; 2) Non-communicable Disease; and 3) Mental Health and Substance Use. Interview and biometric data will be obtained to produce population-level estimates of health care access and health status, investigate variations in access and outcomes across migration phases, and explore the impact of health care and immigration policies on migrants' health. Ninety survey respondents will be enrolled in a pilot longitudinal study to test the feasibility of adding a longitudinal dimension to our methods. This project will consolidate a binational observatory at the Mexico – U.S. border and will generate critical data on migrant health. The data will become an important resource for migrant health scholars and will inform policy and programmatic responses to increase access to health care and improve the health status of migrants in sending, transit, and receiving communities.

项目摘要 墨西哥移民穿越美国 - 墨西哥边境地区的移民代表着一个大型，高度流动性，并且 墨西哥国民的社会脆弱子集。该组的人口级健康数据很难获得 鉴于它们的地理分散，流动性和在很大程度上没有证明的地位。在过去的9年中，我们有 采用了独特的迁移框架和新颖的方法论方法来表征疾病伯恩， 健康行为，并暴露于这些移民中的保护和危险因素。我们已经实施了 墨西哥蒂华纳的墨西哥移民流量的概率调查，产生人口水平的健康估计 对于预言，运输，目的地，拦截/驱逐出境和返回阶段的移民。迄今为止，我们 已经检查了两个卫生领域：艾滋病毒风险和获得医疗保健。我们以前阶段的发现有 推动在墨西哥边境沿五个驱逐出境站建立自由预防诊所 墨西哥健康秘书处的资助。在接下来的五年中，我们建议继续并扩展这一点 （a）将调查向东扩展到另外两个边境城市的工作，以便接触出去的移民， 通过和其他地区； （b）检查其他健康领域，以获取更完整的图片 墨西哥移民健康。我们将在蒂华纳，诺加莱斯和Nuevo中对移民流进行3次概率调查 Laredo（n = 1,200 ea。）。除了有关健康状况和医疗保健访问数据外，每项调查还将有一个 特别重点：1）艾滋病毒和性/生殖健康； 2）非传染性疾病； 3）心理健康 和物质使用。访谈和生物识别数据将获得，以产生人群级别的估计 医疗保健访问和健康状况，调查跨迁移阶段的访问和结果的变化， 并探讨医疗保健和移民政策对移民健康的影响。 90名调查受访者 将参加一项试验纵向研究，以测试在我们的 方法。该项目将巩固在墨西哥 - 美国边境的二元观察结果，并将产生 关于移民健康的关键数据。数据将成为移民卫生学者的重要资源，将 为政策和程序性响应提供信息，以增加获得医疗保健的机会并提高健康状况 发送，过境和接收社区的移民。