HAFTRAP-Home Air Filtration for Traffic-Related Air Pollution

HAFTRAP-针对交通相关空气污染的家庭空气过滤

• 批准号: 10170354
• 负责人: Doug Brugge
• 金额: $ 53.18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT SCH OF MED/DNT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10170354
• 关键词: Acceleration; Adult; Affect; Air; Air Pollution; Airborne Particulate Matter; Animals; Area; Atherosclerosis; Biological; Biological Markers; Blinded; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular system; Characteristics; Chemicals; Chronic; Cities; Clinical; Coagulation Process; Communities; Cross-Over Trials; Data; Developed Countries; Diastolic blood pressure; Double-Blind Method; Effectiveness; Effectiveness of Interventions; Enrollment; Epidemiology; Evaluation; Exposure to; Fibrin fragment D; Filtration; Future; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Home; Hour; Household; Human; Inflammation; Intention; Interleukin-6; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Intervention Trial; Lead; Literature; Los Angeles; Low income; Measures; Mechanical ventilation; Mechanics; Morbidity - disease rate; Motor Vehicles; Myocardial Infarction; Observational Study; Outcome; Participant; Particulate; Particulate Matter; Pathway interactions; Pilot Projects; Plasma; Policies; Pollution; Pulse Pressure; Randomized; Research; Research Design; Risk; Schools; Series; Social Sciences; Source; Surveys; System; Systolic Pressure; Testing; Toxicology; Work; air filter; air filtration; air monitoring; arterial stiffness; base; blood pressure reduction; cardiovascular disorder risk; cardiovascular health; cardiovascular risk factor; community based participatory research; comparison intervention; design; effectiveness evaluation; effectiveness trial; efficacy trial; endothelial dysfunction; exhaust; experience; fine particles; high efficiency particulate air filter; improved; inflammatory marker; innovation; metabolome; mortality; negative affect; particle; peripheral blood; pollutant; pressure; research study; respiratory; response; traffic-related air pollution; ultrafine particle; urban area

Abstract Concentrations of ultrafine particles (UFP) are elevated near major roadways and highways. Evidence is strong that living in these areas is associated with substantial respiratory, cardiovascular and other adverse health outcomes. We have contributed to recent evidence of associations between chronic exposure to UFP and cardiovascular disease risk. Indeed, in response to these findings, including ours, there is growing use of in-building air filtration to reduce traffic-related pollution levels in homes and schools near highways, including market-based responses and city ordinances. There is, however, as yet, no empirical evidence that these measures improve health. This proposal builds on preliminary studies in which we conducted randomized crossover trials of in-home air filtration on a smaller scale (N= 20 and 23) and a controlled short term setting (N=77). Our randomized 2-hour exposure study showed that reducing PM with filtration can reduce blood pressure. Accordingly, we propose a blinded randomized crossover efficacy trial (N=240 households consisting of 288 participants) of High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filtration in near-highway homes that lack mechanical air-handling systems. Households will be randomized to 30 days of either filtration or sham filtration followed by a 30 washout period with a subsequent 30-day period of the alternative assignment. Room air filters that are commercially available will be placed in the bedroom and living room of each home. We will measure UFP and PM2.5 concentrations in 20% of the homes during filtration and sham periods and assess personal exposure in a subset of participants. We will also assess chemical composition of particulate air pollution in 10 homes/year for exploratory purposes that could lead to future lines of research. Our primary health endpoints will be participants’ hsCRP and peripheral blood pressure, measures we have used in multiple observational studies of UFP as well as in our pilot filtration intervention studies. Secondary biological measures that contribute to understanding biological pathways will be IL-6 (inflammation), D-dimer (coagulation), metabolome, central pressure and arterial stiffness. The primary intention to treat analysis will compare outcomes between HEPA filtration to sham filtration. We will have 80% power to detect a difference of 0.6 mg/L in change in hsCRP and a difference in reduction in systolic blood pressure of 3.5 mmHg compared to participants who receive no filtration. Having participants serve as their own controls in the within-subject comparisons of intervention effectiveness increases our statistical power and eliminates the possibility of baseline imbalances in demographic and clinical characteristics. A social science evaluation will inform final adjustments to our approach at the start and also assess participant acceptance and experience with the intervention at the end. Our primary innovation is that this will be the first near highway HEPA intervention trial that is large enough and careful enough to be policy-relevant.

抽象的 超铁颗粒（UFP）的浓度在主要道路和公路附近升高 强烈认为在这些地区生活与大量呼吸系统有关 健康结果。 和心血管疾病的风险。 内置空气过滤，以降低公路附近的家庭和学校的交通相关污染水平，包括 但是，基于市场的回应和城市条例。 措施不当基于我们进行随机进行的预临时研究 较小规模（n = 20和23）和受控的短期设置的跨界空气过滤室内过滤 （n = 77）。 因此，我们提出了一项盲目的随机交叉效能试验 由288名参与者组成）高效偏置空气（HEPA）过滤的近公路房屋中 缺乏机械空气处理系统。 过滤随后进行30次冲洗期，随后的30天替代分配。 可商购的房间空气过滤器将放置在每个房屋的卧室和客厅中。 在过滤和假时期，我们将在20％的房屋中测量UFP和PM2.5浓度 评估一个参与者的个人接触。 探索目的10户每年的空气污染可能导致未来的研究。 健康终点将是参与者的HSCRP和外周血压，我们已使用的措施 UFP以及OROT过滤干预研究的多次观察研究 有助于理解生物途径的措施Will-6（炎症），D-二聚体 （凝结），代谢组，中央压力和变性刚度。 比较HEPA过滤与假过滤之间的结果。 HSCRP变化的0.6 mg/l和系统血压减少3.5 mmHg的降低差异 与没有过滤的参与者相比。 仪器内的受试者比较增加了我们的统计信息的统计信息 人口统计和临床特征中基线失衡失衡的可能性。 从一开始就告知对我们方法的最终调整，还评估了您的参与度和经验 最后的互动是我们的主要创新 大型且谨慎的间隔试验与政策相关。