Coordinating Research on Emerging Arboviral Threats Encoing the Neotropics (CREATE-NEO)

新热带地区新出现的虫媒病毒威胁的协调研究（CREATE-NEO）

• 批准号: 10170251
• 负责人: Kathryn Alyce Hanley
• 金额: $ 151.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10170251
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Age; Americas; Animals; Arbovirus Infections; Arboviruses; Area; Back; Biodiversity; Biological; Blood Circulation; Brazil; Central America; Chikungunya virus; Cities; Clinical; Cohort Studies; Collection; Coupled; Culicidae; Data; Deforestation; Dengue; Detection; Disease; Emergency Situation; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Frequencies; Genetic Recombination; Genetic Variation; Habitats; Human; Immune; Infection; International; Invertebrates; Machine Learning; Malaria; Maps; Measles; Mediating; Modeling; Movement; Panama; Public Health; Research; Risk; Route; Sampling; Site; South America; Spatial Distribution; Structure; Testing; Time; Travel; Vaccination; Vector-transmitted infectious disease; Venezuela; Virus; West Nile virus; Yellow Fever; ZIKA; Zika Virus; Zoonoses; chikungunya; climate change; cohort; design; diagnostic technologies; emerging pathogen; enzootic; experience; flexibility; high risk; insight; nanobodies; nonhuman primate; novel; novel diagnostics; pathogen; prospective; seroconversion; surveillance network; transmission process; vector; vector control; viral transmission

Project Summary In recent decades, Central and South America have experienced spillover of endemic arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) from wildlife reservoirs into humans, exchange and recombination of emerging arboviruses within the region, resurgence of arboviruses previously controlled by vaccination or vector control, introduction and spread of novel arboviruses, and exportation of viruses to other regions. Furthermore, there is great concern that newly-introduced Zika virus may spill back into an enzootic transmission cycle in the Americas. Central and South America encompass enormous vertebrate and invertebrate biodiversity, and these species harbor a broad range of arboviruses whose risk of spillover and spread in humans is presently unknown. Increases in the rates of global travel, invasion of novel vector species, urban expansion, deforestation, and global climate change all elevate the risk of further arbovirus emergence, as does the breakdown of public health structures in Venezuela. The Coordinating Research on Emerging Arboviral Threats Encompassing the Neotropics (CREATE- NEO) project will provide a network of surveillance sites in the neotropics coupled to cutting-edge modeling approaches in order to anticipate and counter emerging arboviruses. Aim 1 will identify novel and known arboviruses as well as the host-vector networks that sustain transmission of these viruses within the neotropics, map the spatial distribution of these transmission networks, and characterize virus transmission dynamics within these networks. To do so, we will collect mosquitoes and other vectors as well as non-human primates and other vertebrate hosts at multiple sites in areas of high and varied biodiversity in Panama and Brazil and screen these samples for known and novel arboviruses. These data will then be analyzed using niche modeling, machine learning to predict undiscovered hosts and vectors, and dynamical transmission models. Aim 2 will focus on prospective and retrospective analysis of human infection and disease. To do so, we will leverage ongoing human clinical cohorts at multiple sites in Brazil and Panama. We will extend and expand these cohorts, with a particular focus on the immune-mediated interactions among multiple arboviruses at sites of hyperendemicity. We will also develop novel diagnostics to capture known and novel arboviruses and model the impact of human and non-human primate movement on spillover and spillback of target arboviruses. Data and models generated via these two aims will forewarn local, regional and global public health agencies of arboviruses within Central and South America that pose particularly high risk of spillover, emergence into transmission among humans, and/or international spread. Moreover CREATE-NEO will build local capacity to predict, detect and respond to emerging arboviruses at their point of origin, thereby maximizing the potential to avert full-blown emergence.

项目摘要 近几十年来，中美洲和南美经历了流行节肢动物传播病毒的溢出 （arboviruses）从野生动植物水库到人类，贸易和重组 在该区域内，先前通过疫苗接种或矢量控制控制的arbovirus的复发，引入 并扩散新的arbovirus，并向其他地区出口病毒。此外，还有很棒的 担心新引入的寨卡病毒可能会溢出到美洲的Enzootic传播周期中。 中美洲和南美包括巨大的脊椎动物和无脊椎动物生物多样性，这些物种 藏有各种各样的arbovirus，其溢出风险和在人类中散布的风险目前尚不清楚。 全球旅行率提高，新型媒介物种的入侵，城市扩张，森林砍伐和 全球气候变化都提高了进一步的Arbovirus出现的风险，公共卫生的细分也是如此 委内瑞拉的结构。 关于新兴弧病毒威胁的协调研究涵盖了新型新型技术（创建 - Neo）项目将在新型型新型技术中提供一个与尖端建模相结合的监视站点网络 方法是为了预测和反击新兴的arbovirus。 AIM 1将识别出小说和已知 arbovirouss以及在新型新型中维持这些病毒传播的宿主向量网络， 绘制这些传输网络的空间分布，并在内部表征病毒传输动力学 这些网络。为此，我们将收集蚊子和其他媒介以及非人类灵长类动物和其他 脊椎动物在巴拿马和巴西的高和不同生物多样性地区的多个地点宿主，并筛选这些 已知和新型arboviruses的样品。然后将使用小众建模，机器分析这些数据 学习预测未发现的宿主和向量以及动态传输模型。 AIM 2将重点关注 人类感染和疾病的前瞻性和回顾性分析。为此，我们将利用正在进行的 巴西和巴拿马多个地点的人类临床人群。我们将通过 特别关注流行性部位的多个arbovirus之间的免疫介导的相互作用。 我们还将开发新的诊断，以捕获已知和新颖的arboviruses，并建模人类的影响 和非人类的灵长类运动对靶标弧病毒的溢出和溢出。 通过这两个目的生成的数据和模型将预警到本地，区域和全球公共卫生 中美洲和南美洲的Arboviruses机构构成特别高的溢出风险，出现 进入人类的传播和/或国际传播。此外，创建网络将建立本地能力 预测，检测和应对新兴的arbovirus在其起源点，从而最大程度地发挥潜力 避免全面出现。