Simultaneous functional MRI and Micro-Magnetic Nervous System Stimulation

同时进行功能性 MRI 和微磁神经系统刺激

基本信息

批准号：
10154562
负责人：
Ilknur Ay
金额：
$ 217.81万
依托单位：
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-06-01 至 2024-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10154562
关键词：
3-Dimensional Achievement Action Potentials Animals Area Axon Basic Science Biocompatible Materials Brain Brain imaging Calcium Channel Characteristics Charge Communities Corpus Callosum Data Deep Brain Stimulation Deposition Development Dimensions Dose Electric Stimulation Electromagnetics Elements Fiber Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging General Hospitals Global Change Histology Inferior Colliculus Laboratories Magnetic Resonance Imaging Magnetism Massachusetts Measures Mediating Microscopic Nervous system structure Neural Pathways Neuraxis Neurons Neurosciences Research Optics Outcome Pathway interactions Peripheral Physiologic pulse Preparation Property Rattus Reaction Research Resistance Rodent Science Signal Transduction Source Structure Synapses System Technology Testing Time Tissues Transcranial magnetic stimulation Vagus nerve structure analog awake biocompatible polymer biomaterial compatibility brain tissue clinical application deep brain stimulation array deep brain stimulator design dorsal cochlear nucleus electric field flexibility hemodynamics implantation in vivo magnetic field neural network neural stimulation neuronal circuitry neuroregulation neurotransmission new technology next generation novel optical fiber optical imaging optical sensor optogenetics parylene prospective relating to nervous system response three dimensional structure tool white matter

项目摘要

ABSTRACT Micromagnetic stimulation (µMS) has several advantages over electrical stimulation. First, µMS does not require charge-balanced stimulation waveforms as in electrical stimulation. In µMS, neither sinks nor sources are present when the time-varying magnetic field induces a current. Thus µMS does not suffer from charge buildup as can occur with electrical stimulation. Second, magnetic stimulation via µMS is capable of activating neurons with specific axonal orientations. Third, it is contactless, so biocompatible materials such as parylene will allow implantation with minimal or no reaction. Moreover, as the probes can be insulated entirely from the brain tissue, we show to significantly reduce the problem of excessive power deposition into the tissue during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this application, we propose to design, fabricate, and test microcoil structures for next-generation Nervous System Stimulation: the micro coils arrays will be designed for cortical stimulation like ECoGs and deep brain stimulation. The array will be novel in the sense that it will allocate optical fibers to perform onsite optogenetic calcium channels recording in awake and behaving animals, thus allowing for direct study of the underlying mechanisms of magnetic stimulation. All the micromagnetic stimulators will also be MRI compatible, allowing for large scale neural recordings with fMRI. This technology will serve Neuroscience research— investigating the function of neurons and neural networks in the peripheral and central nervous system (PNS and CNS)—enhancing or creating new applications for neuromodulation. All of these applications will allow us to employ neuromodulation and study how micromagnetic field pulses can be used for stimulating or blocking the flow of Action Potentials (APs) through the nervous system, as similarly transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) produces excitation and inhibition. The proposed µMS tools will also provide the community with a way to reach a more in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of actions of TMS.

抽象的微磁模拟（µMS）比电模拟具有多个优点。首先，µms不在电气模拟中，需要电荷平衡的模拟波形。在µms中，既不接收器也不来源当磁场诱导电流时，存在。那µms不遭受费用电刺激可能发生的堆积。其次，通过µms磁刺激能够激活具有特定轴突取向的神经元。第三，它是无接触式的，因此具有生物相容性材料，例如parylene 将允许植入最小或无反应。而且，由于问题可以完全与脑组织，我们表明可以显着减少过量功率沉积在组织中的问题磁共振成像（MRI）。在此应用中，我们建议设计，制造和测试下一代的微型机油结构神经系统刺激：微线圈阵列将设计用于ECOG和ECOG等皮质刺激深脑刺激。该阵列将是新颖的，因为它将分配光纤以在现场执行光遗传学的钙通道记录在清醒和行使动物中，因此可以直接研究磁刺激的基本机制。所有微磁刺激器也将是MRI兼容的，允许使用fMRI进行大规模的神经记录。该技术将为神经科学研究提供服务 - 研究周围和中枢神经系统中神经元和神经元网络的功能（PNS 和CNS） - 用于神经调节的新应用或创建新的应用程序。所有这些应用都将使我们雇员神经调节并研究如何使用微磁场脉冲刺激或阻塞通过神经系统的动作电位（AP）的流动流动，因为类似的经颅磁刺激（TMS）产生兴奋和抑制作用。拟议的µms工具还将为社区提供一种方式要深入了解TMS动作机制。