COMPARATIVE BIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE CONTAMINAITON AND TOXIC EFFECTS BY MAN-MADE CHEMICALS IN THE DEEP-SEA ECOSYSTEM

深海生态系统中人造化学品污染和毒性作用的比较生物学研究

基本信息

批准号：
09480124
负责人：
TANABE Shinsuke
金额：
$ 6.46万
依托单位：
Ehime University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Organochlorine (Ocs) and butyltin residues (BTs) were detected in deep-sea and shallow water organisms collected from Suruga Bay, Japan. Among Ocs, residue levels of PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) were the highest in deep-sea organisms with upto 2800 ng/g lipid wt. Total BTs concentrations in deep-sea organisms were found with 980 ng/g wet wt at a maximum levels. Residue levels of Ocs in both deep-sea and shallow water organisms from Suruga Bay were lower than those in industrialized areas like Tokyo Bay, whereas residue levels of BTs were comparable or higher. These facts clearly indicate the expansion of BTs pollution in deep-sea ecosystems. Interestingly, TBT (tributyltin) as a parent compound of BTs was predominant in deep-sea organisms, suggesting ,a fresh input of TBT into the deep-sea environment.Ocs and BTs residues were also determined in mesopelagic myctophid fishes collected from the western north Pacific, in order to elucidate the contamination status, accumulation patter … More ns and distribution. Among Ocs, concentration levels of PCBs and DDTs (DDT and its metabolites) were the highest in myctophids (at maximum concentrations of 370 ng/g and 310 ng/g fat wt, respectively). CHLs (chlordane compounds) or HCHs (hexachlorocyclohexanes) were the next abundant Ocs and HCB (hexachlorobenzene) was the lowest. The maximum concentration of total BTs in fish was found with 46 ng/g wet wt. Concentrations of PCBs, CHLs and BTs were lower in oceanic myctophids than those in Japanese coastal waters. The residue pattern of Ocs and BTs showed a specific trend according to diet vertical migration types of myctophids. Relatively high concentrations of PCBs, DDTs and CHLs were found in non-migratory species living in deeper waters, whereas concentrations of HCHs, HCB and BTs were high in migratory species, which migrate upto the upper 100 m at night for feeding. These patterns can influence the vertical distributions of Ocs and BTs in the subarctic and transitional waters of the western North Pacific, where intrusion of water-mass from the Okhotsk Sea has been suggested. This hypothesis can be supported by the differences in DDT composition among myctophids ; I.e. Higher proportions of p, p-DDT in non-migratory mesopelagic fish than in migrants. Temporal variation in the residue level and composition of Ocs found in myctophids indicated a significant recent decrease in the input of DDTs into the marine environment while HCHs decline at a slower rate. Less

在日本骏河湾采集的深海和浅水生物中检测到有机氯（Ocs）和丁基锡残留（BT），其中，深海生物中PCB（多氯联苯）残留水平最高，高达2800纳克。深海生物中的总 BT 浓度最高为 980 ng/g 湿重残留。骏河湾深海和浅水生物中的 Ocs 水平低于东京湾等工业化地区，而 BTs 残留水平则相当或更高。这些事实清楚地表明深海 BTs 污染正在扩大。表明，TBT（三丁基锡）作为 BT 的母体化合物在深海生物中占主导地位，这表明 TBT 是新进入深海环境的。还测定了 Ocs 和 BTs 残留量。在北太平洋西部采集的中层蕈鱼中，为了阐明污染状况、累积模式和分布，在 Ocs 中，多氯联苯和滴滴涕（DDT 及其代谢物）的浓度水平在蕈鱼中最高（最高）。浓度分别为 370 ng/g 和 310 ng/g 脂肪重量）。 (六氯环己烷) 的含量次之，而 HCB (六氯苯) 的含量最低。鱼类中 BT 的最大浓度为 46 ng/g 湿重。海洋蕈螨中 PCB、CHL 和 BT 的浓度均较低。日本沿海水域的 Ocs 和 BTs 残留模式根据蕈类的食性垂直迁移类型呈现出特定的趋势。生活在较深水域的非迁徙物种中发现了 PCB、DDT 和 CHL，而迁徙物种中 HCH、HCB 和 BT 的浓度很高，这些物种在夜间迁徙至上层 100 m 觅食。这些模式会影响垂直分布。北太平洋西部的亚北极和过渡水域中的 Ocs 和 BTs 的存在，其中有来自鄂霍次克海的水团的入侵，这一假设可以得到支持。蕈鱼中 DDT 成分的差异；即，非洄游中层鱼类中的 p, p-DDT 比例高于迁徙鱼中的 Ocs 残留水平和成分的时间变化，表明最近滴滴涕的输入量显着减少。进入海洋环境，而六氯环己烷下降速度较慢。