ISOTOPIC STUDIES ON COS AND DMS GENERATION AND THEIR BEHAVIOR IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL CYCLE OF SULFUR

COS和DMS生成及其在硫环境循环中的行为的同位素研究

基本信息

批准号：
09680511
负责人：
ARIKAWA Yoshiko
金额：
$ 1.98万
依托单位：
JAPAN WOMEN'S UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this research is to investigate the behavior of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and carbonyl sulfide (COS) in the environment by means of sulfur isotopic measurement. Investigaters have already determined sulfur isotopic compositions of coals and petroleum those combustion gas acidify the environment. Now DMS and COS which have a natural origin are considered seriously as acidifing the environment.Summary of this research results is composed of 2 parts : 1) Investigaters set forth a hypothesis that a red tide acidifies the environment, depending on some reports that 10^4 fold of DMS compared as usual is released at a period of red tide. The biosensor for forcasting a red tide was develored. Cultivation of algae which generate DMS at a period of red tide was examined. As a final goal is to determine the sulfur isotopic composition of DMS releasedfrom the sea, the collecting system of DMS from the surface air of the ocean was investigated. 2) COS generated from KSCN by Tiobacillus thioparus in the laboratory was collected and its sulfur isotopic composition was determined. An isotopic fractionation was observed by the biological process. The next step is to collect COS released from the soil and determine the sulfur isotopic composition. Investigaters are attempting to discriminate the sulfur source in the environmental samples such as air, rain water, snow, river water, plants based on the data of sulfur isotopic composition from the sea water sulfate, volcanic gas, DMS, COS and fossil fuels.

这项研究的目的是通过硫同位素测量来研究环境中二甲基硫化物（DMS）和羰基硫化物（COS）的行为。调查人员已经确定了煤和石油的硫同位素组成，这些燃烧气可以使环境酸化。现在，具有自然起源的DMS和COS被认为是酸化环境的。该研究结果的夏季由2个部分组成：1）调查人员提出了一种假设，即红潮汐会酸化环境，具体取决于一些报道，即10^在红潮时期释放了4倍的DMS。用于预播红色潮汐的生物传感器被脱离了。检查了在红潮时期产生DM的藻类的培养。最终目标是确定从海洋释放的DMS的硫同位素组成，研究了海洋表面空气的DMS收集系统。 2）收集了由硫巴氏菌在实验室中从KSCN产生的COS，并确定了其硫同位素组成。通过生物学过程观察到同位素分馏。下一步是收集从土壤中释放的COS并确定硫同位素组成。调查人员试图根据来自空气，雨水，雪，河水，植物等环境样品中的硫来源，该数据基于硫酸盐，火山气，DMS，COS，COS和化石燃料的硫同位素组成数据。