Die Effekte von Landnutzung und struktureller Heterogenität auf Biodiversität: eine neue Bewertungsmethode mittels kosteneffektiver Fernerkundung und feinskaliger Musteranalysen

土地利用和结构异质性对生物多样性的影响：一种利用成本效益遥感和精细尺度模式分析的新评估方法

• 批准号: 61007207
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Kerstin Wiegand
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Ökosystemmodellierung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2007-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/61007207?language=en
• 关键词: Die; Effekte; von; Landnutzung; und; Die; Effekte; von; Landnutzung; und

Based on exemplary high-resolution aerial images, we have previously shown that biodiversity of vascular plants in the forest understorey does strongly correlate with the structural complexity of canopy gaps. This is feasible because “understorey light can be used as a single synthetic factor grouping less apparent microclimatic variations” (Barbier et al. 2008). However, so far it is unknown how understorey biodiversity responds to available gap structures when confounding trans-regional effects such as differences in soil or climate come into play. Likewise, little is known about the confounding effects from different tree species compositions on the response of understorey plants to gap light or how large sample areas must be to cause meaningful correlations between gap structures and biodiversity. In this project we intend to investigate these questions based on gap information from orthophotos that are available for vegetation recordings of 1500 grid plots in three regions of Germany. We will use soil data and tree recordings from forest inventories of these grid plots in the three exploratories to investigate in detail the relationship between understorey diversity and gap structure. This analysis will help to better understand the relative importance of gap structure, soil, and tree species composition for understorey plant diversity. As a further deliverable, our assessment method of biodiversity may be used as a cost-effective ‘coarse-filter approach’ to conservation because orthophotos are available at most forest administrations. We consider this as substantial benefit because the escalating loss of biodiversity requires efficient large-scale evaluations of land-use impact on diversity.

根据示例性的高分辨率航空图像，我们先前表明，森林植物的生物多样性与冠层间隙的结构复杂性密切相关。这是可行的，因为“地下光可以用作单一的合成因子分组较少明显的微气候变化”（Barbier等人，2008年）。但是，到目前为止，尚不清楚地下生物多样性如何应对跨区域效应（例如土壤或气候的差异）时如何反应可用的间隙结构。同样，关于不同树种成分对底层植物对缝隙光的响应的混杂影响或样本区域在缝隙结构与生物多样性之间引起有意义的相关性必须有多大的混杂作用，知之甚少。在这个项目中，我们打算根据来自正吞原的间隙信息来调查这些问题，这些信息可用于德国三个地区的1500个网格地块的植被记录。我们将在三个探索中使用这些网格图的森林清单中的土壤数据和树木记录，以详细调查地下多样性和间隙结构之间的关系。该分析将有助于更好地理解间隙结构，土壤和树种组成对植物多样性的相对重要性。作为进一步的交付，我们的生物多样性评估方法可以用作一种具有成本效益的“粗滤器方法”来保护，因为大多数森林管理都可以使用正常流程。我们认为这是可观的好处，因为生物多样性的不断升级需要对土地利用对多样性的影响有效的大规模评估。