Die Effekte von Landnutzung und struktureller Heterogenität auf Biodiversität: eine neue Bewertungsmethode mittels kosteneffektiver Fernerkundung und feinskaliger Musteranalysen

土地利用和结构异质性对生物多样性的影响：一种利用成本效益遥感和精细尺度模式分析的新评估方法

• 批准号: 61007207
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Kerstin Wiegand
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Ökosystemmodellierung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2007-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/61007207?language=en
• 关键词: Die; Effekte; von; Landnutzung; und

Based on exemplary high-resolution aerial images, we have previously shown that biodiversity of vascular plants in the forest understorey does strongly correlate with the structural complexity of canopy gaps. This is feasible because “understorey light can be used as a single synthetic factor grouping less apparent microclimatic variations” (Barbier et al. 2008). However, so far it is unknown how understorey biodiversity responds to available gap structures when confounding trans-regional effects such as differences in soil or climate come into play. Likewise, little is known about the confounding effects from different tree species compositions on the response of understorey plants to gap light or how large sample areas must be to cause meaningful correlations between gap structures and biodiversity. In this project we intend to investigate these questions based on gap information from orthophotos that are available for vegetation recordings of 1500 grid plots in three regions of Germany. We will use soil data and tree recordings from forest inventories of these grid plots in the three exploratories to investigate in detail the relationship between understorey diversity and gap structure. This analysis will help to better understand the relative importance of gap structure, soil, and tree species composition for understorey plant diversity. As a further deliverable, our assessment method of biodiversity may be used as a cost-effective ‘coarse-filter approach’ to conservation because orthophotos are available at most forest administrations. We consider this as substantial benefit because the escalating loss of biodiversity requires efficient large-scale evaluations of land-use impact on diversity.

基于示例性的高分辨率航空图像，我们之前已经表明，森林下层维管束植物的生物多样性确实与冠层间隙的结构复杂性密切相关，这是可行的，因为“林下光可以用作单个合成因素”。明显的小气候变化”（Barbier et al. 2008）然而，到目前为止，当混杂诸如土壤或气候差异等跨区域影响时，尚不清楚林下生物多样性如何对可用的间隙结构做出反应。同样，我们对不同树种成分对林下植物对间隙光的响应的混杂影响或必须有多大的样本区域才能在间隙结构和生物多样性之间产生有意义的相关性知之甚少。问题基于来自德国三个地区 1500 个网格地块植被记录的正射影像的间隙信息。我们将使用三个勘探者中这些网格地块的森林清单中的土壤数据和树木记录来详细调查。该分析将有助于更好地理解林间结构、土壤和树种组成对林下植物多样性的相对重要性，我们的生物多样性评估方法可用作成本-有效的“粗略过滤方法”保护，因为大多数森林管理部门都可以使用正射影像，因为生物多样性的不断丧失需要对土地利用对多样性的影响进行有效的大规模评估。