DFG Trilateral collaboration Deutschland-Israel-Palestine: Irrigation with municipal effluents: effects on physical soil properties, contaminant transport, soil carbon dynamics, soil microbial activity and crop quality

DFG 三边合作 德国-以色列-巴勒斯坦：城市污水灌溉：对土壤物理性质、污染物迁移、土壤碳动态、土壤微生物活动和作物质量的影响

• 批准号: 54698241
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Bernd Marschner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Geographisches Institut
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/54698241?language=en
• 关键词: DFG; Trilateral; collaboration; Deutschland; Israel

Treated wastewater (TWW) is used since more than 45 years for irrigating crops in Israel. For sustainable agriculture and environmental conservation the input of organic matter, salts, nutrients and heavy metals with the TWW as well as the processes developing in the soil have to be considered and evaluated. In the first phase of this Trilateral project relevant information was gained about processes in irrigated soils concerning nutrient and heavy metal transport and plant uptake, soil hydrophobicity, soil aggregation, fungi, enzymes and microbial activity. It was shown with field and greenhouse experiments that the uptake of heavy metals into plants is less affected by TWW irrigation than by soil type. Soil microbial activity is enhanced by addition of TWW resulting in altered soil organic matter. In the first phase of the project the field experiment in Gaza was established and run for the duration of 2 years. Furthermore, the cooperation between all the partners was established in several meetings with scientific discussions. The second phase of the Trilateral project will consist of in-depth investigations and continuation of the field experiment. A well-established, unique lysimeter facility running since 2007 with the same setup can be used in the 2nd phase to study the development of hydrophobicity, infiltrability, soil aggregate formation and microbial parameters in soils with different clay content irrigated with four different water qualities. Additional lab experiments will be performed for the investigation of the effect of soil texture, vertical transport of nutrients and development of soil water repedency. The biological stability of organic matter will be studied with priming effect experiments, enzyme profiling and in situ visualization with special focus on the hydrophobic soil surface and deeper soil horizons. The integrative analysis of the results will provide new insights into the interactions between element fluxes, SOM turnover, biological activity and surface hydrophobicity in TWW irrigated soils.

以色列使用经过处理的废水 (TWW) 灌溉农作物已有超过 45 年的历史。为了可持续农业和环境保护，必须考虑和评估 TWW 的有机物、盐、养分和重金属的输入以及土壤中发展的过程。在该三边项目的第一阶段，获得了有关灌溉土壤中养分和重金属运输以及植物吸收、土壤疏水性、土壤团聚、真菌、酶和微生物活动过程的相关信息。田间和温室实验表明，TWW 灌溉对植物吸收重金属的影响小于土壤类型的影响。添加 TWW 可以增强土壤微生物活性，从而改变土壤有机质。在该项目的第一阶段，在加沙建立了实地试验并运行了两年。此外，所有合作伙伴之间的合作是通过多次会议进行科学讨论而建立的。三边项目的第二阶段将包括深入调查和继续实地实验。自 2007 年以来运行的完善、独特的蒸渗仪设施具有相同的设置，可用于第二阶段，以研究用四种不同水质灌溉的不同粘土含量的土壤的疏水性、渗透性、土壤团聚体形成和微生物参数的发展。将进行额外的实验室实验，以研究土壤质地、养分垂直输送和土壤水依赖性发展的影响。将通过启动效应实验、酶分析和原位可视化研究有机物的生物稳定性，特别关注疏水性土壤表面和更深的土壤层。结果的综合分析将为 TWW 灌溉土壤中元素通量、SOM 周转、生物活性和表面疏水性之间的相互作用提供新的见解。