Long-term fluctuation of biological activities in a lowland dipterocarp forest : Does general flowering contribute to maintenance of biodiversity

低地龙脑香科森林生物活动的长期波动：一般开花是否有助于维持生物多样性

• 批准号: 16405006
• 负责人: SAKAI Shoko
• 金额: $ 8.53万
• 依托单位: Kyoto University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16405006/
• 关键词: General flowering; Lowland dipterocarp forest; Pollination; Seed predator; Herbivore; 種子捕食者; 低地フタバガキ; 熱帯雨林; 生物多様性; ランビル国立公園; 林冠; フタバガキ; 種間相互作用

General flowering, one of the most spectacular and mysterious phenomena in tropical biology, is a masting phenomenon unique to Asian dipterocarp forests. It is unique in involving the synchronization of flowering thus fruiting across diverse plant groups. GF occurs at irregular intervals of less than 1 year to several years. We showed that this phenomenon was most likely triggered by irregular droughts based on 10 years of observations. In the aseasonal forests of SE Asia, droughts tend to occur during transition periods from La Nina to El Nino, which results in an irregular 6-7-yr cycle involving a dry period with several droughts and a wet period without droughts. On the other hand, reproductive success was positively correlated with the magnitude of general flowering. We have aim monitored population dynamics of various insects and small mammals, which are likely to be affected by general flowering. Leaf beetles collected by light traps showed various fluctuation patterns depending on species, but species sharply corresponding general flowering were very rare Therefore, we consider that general flowering is not the major driving forces of fluctuation of populations of leaf beetles. Possibly, leaf flushing may explain part of the patterns. On the other hand, population fluctuation of terrestrial and arboreal small mammals largely followed flowering and fruiting patterns. Abundance of young individuals were larger just after flowering event, thus they may depending on general flowering for reproduction. Since they are considered to be predators of dipterocarp seeds, synchronized fruiting may contribute reduction of seed predation by such mammal species.

普遍开花是热带生物学中最壮观和神秘的现象之一，是亚洲龙脑香科植物森林特有的一种肥大现象。它的独特之处在于不同植物群体的开花同步结果。 GF 发生的时间间隔不规律，短于 1 年至数年。根据10年的观察，我们发现这种现象很可能是由不规则干旱引发的。在东南亚的非季节性森林中，干旱往往发生在拉尼娜现象到厄尔尼诺现象的过渡时期，这导致了不规则的6-7年周期，包括旱期多次干旱和丰水期不干旱。另一方面，繁殖成功与总体开花程度呈正相关。我们的目标是监测各种昆虫和小型哺乳动物的种群动态，这些昆虫和小型哺乳动物可能会受到一般开花的影响。光诱收集的叶甲虫根据物种的不同表现出不同的波动模式，但与一般开花明显对应的物种非常罕见。因此，我们认为一般开花并不是叶甲虫种群波动的主要驱动力。叶子的潮红可能可以解释部分模式。另一方面，陆地和树栖小型哺乳动物的种群波动很大程度上遵循开花和结果的模式。开花后幼个体的数量较多，因此它们可能依靠一般开花进行繁殖。由于它们被认为是龙脑香科植物种子的捕食者，同步结果可能有助于减少此类哺乳动物物种对种子的捕食。

项目成果

ランビルヒルズ国立公園における小型鳥類2群の異なる果実選択

兰比尔山国家公园两组小鸟的不同果实选择

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: 鴨井環・Braken O・百瀬邦泰・酒井章子

Population dynamics of arboreal and terrestrial small mammals in a tropical rain forest, Sarawak, Malaysia

马来西亚沙捞越州热带雨林中树栖和陆生小型哺乳动物的种群动态

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: Nakagawa; M.; Miguchi; H.; Sato; K.; Sakai; S.; Nakashizuka; T
• 通讯作者: T

Population fluctuations of light-attracted chrysomelid beetles in relation to supra-annual environmental

光吸引叶甲虫的种群波动与超年度环境的关系

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: Kishimoto

Population dynamics of arboreal and terrestrial small mammals in a tropical rain forest, Sarawak, Malaysia.

马来西亚沙捞越州热带雨林中树栖和陆生小型哺乳动物的种群动态。

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: Nakagawa; M.; Miguchi; H.; Sato; K.; Sakai; S.;Nakashizuka; T.
• 通讯作者: T.

Fruit selection by two groups of frugivorous birds in Lambir Hills National Park

兰比尔山国家公园两组食果鸟类对水果的选择

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: Kamoi; T.; Brakean; O.; Momose; K.; Sakai; S
• 通讯作者: S