Factors Influencing Utilization Deficiencies in Children`s Memory Performance

影响儿童记忆表现利用缺陷的因素

• 批准号: 5399198
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Wolfgang Schneider
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department of Psychology
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2001-12-31 至 2005-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5399198?language=en
• 关键词: Factors; Influencing; Utilization; Deficiencies; Children

Children´s memory strategy development has been intensively investigated during the past three decades. Although the date base seems rich, there is still debate about the natural course of strategy development. Classic studies in the field have emphasized the importance of "production deficiencies", that is, young children´s failure to produce spontaneously a strategy they have available, which, when prompted, leads to improved task performance. More recent work has illustrated the relevance of so-called "utilization deficiencies", that is, young children´s spontaneous use of a strategy with little or no corresponding improvement in task performance. Our project is devoted to the analysis of factors influencing young children´s utilization deficiencies and the clarification of relationships between production deficiencies on the one hand and utilization deficiencies on the other hand. Two experiments were designed that aim at overcoming the controversies related to the utilization deficiency concept. They test the assumption that utilization deficiencies on sort-recall memory tasks will be influenced by the age of the children, the difficulty of the task, and the strategy or strategies that are used to infer a utilization deficiency.

在过去的三十年中，人们对儿童的记忆策略发展进行了深入的研究，尽管数据基础似乎很丰富，但该领域的经典研究仍然强调“生产缺陷”的重要性。也就是说，幼儿无法自发地制定出他们可用的策略，而当出现这种策略时，会导致任务绩效的提高。最近的工作已经说明了所谓的“利用缺陷”的相关性，即幼儿的不足。自发地使用策略，很少或根本没有我们的项目致力于分析影响幼儿利用缺陷的因素，一方面阐明生产缺陷与利用缺陷之间的关系，另一方面设计了两个旨在克服的实验。他们测试了与利用缺陷概念相关的争议，即排序回忆记忆任务的利用缺陷将受到儿童年龄、任务难度以及用于推断利用的策略的影响。不足。