Dynamics of 1st order phase transition in cosmic environment and electroweak baryogenesis

宇宙环境中一阶相变动力学与电弱重子生成

• 批准号: 13640255
• 负责人: YOSHIMURA Motohiko
• 金额: $ 1.92万
• 依托单位: OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY (2004)The University of Tokyo (2001-2003)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13640255/
• 关键词: Baryogenesis; 1^<st> order Phase transiton; Tunneling; Electroweak phase transition; Matter-Antimatter asymmetry; Parametric resonance; 実時間形式; 統計力学; トンネル現象; 宇宙の相転移; 電弱相転移; 電弱バリオン生成; 宇宙バリオン数; 宇宙論; 電弱統一理論; 環境効果; 開放系の統計力学; AdS; CFT対応; 超弦理論

There have been many reports on investigation of the early universe that may provide a key bridge between microphysics (elementary particle) and macrophysice (universe) and a new paradigm and a new academic field often called particle cosmology is rapidly in the process of formation. The present researcher has beeninvolved in this development since its early rise, and indeed proposed its first crucial theory of baryogenesis and since then has been working in this interesting field of research. The scope of particle cosmology has enlarged and it now includes the origin of the dark matter and inflationary universe scenario, and is clarifying many fundamental problems of the early universe.Under this circumstance this reserch project has attempted to construct a new scenario of electroweak baryogenesis so far considered too difficult. Our basic strategy is to gain a deep insight of the first order phase transition of the electroweak symmetry breaking. Starting from the first principles of quantum mechanics we succeeded in describing in the real-time formalism of Feynman and Vernon how the first order phase transition may proceed. More specifically, we took a model system of 1 dimensional potential barrier immersed in a thermal environment which mimics the early universe, and discovered an enhancement mechanism of tunneling. The basic physics behind this enhancement is an energy inflow to the quantum system from environment This way we believe that the basis of investigating electroweak baryogensis has been clarified.

关于早期宇宙研究的许多报告可能会在微观物理学（基本粒子）和宏观物理学（宇宙）之间架起一座重要的桥梁，并且一个新的范式和一个新的学术领域（通常称为粒子宇宙学）正在迅速形成。目前的研究人员自其早期兴起以来就一直参与这一发展，并确实提出了第一个重要的重子发生理论，从那时起就一直致力于这个有趣的研究领域。粒子宇宙学的范围已经扩大，现在包括暗物质的起源和暴胀宇宙的场景，并正在澄清早期宇宙的许多基本问题。在这种情况下，本研究项目试图构建一个新的电弱重子生成场景，以期解决这一问题。远被认为太难了。我们的基本策略是深入了解电弱对称性破缺的一阶相变。从量子力学的第一原理出发，我们成功地用费曼和弗农的实时形式描述了一阶相变是如何进行的。更具体地说，我们将一维势垒的模型系统浸入模拟早期宇宙的热环境中，并发现了隧道效应的增强机制。这种增强背后的基本物理原理是能量从环境流入量子系统。通过这种方式，我们相信研究电弱重生的基础已经阐明。