Effects of attention on semantic processing : Event-related brain potential research

注意对语义处理的影响：事件相关的大脑潜力研究

基本信息

批准号：
08610097
负责人：
OKITA Tsunetaka
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Hyogo College of Medicine
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08610097/
关键词：
selective attention semantic processing repetition priming event-related brain potential N400 face recognition P170 意味プライミング N170 事象関連電位注意音声語顔刺激語彙処理

项目摘要

In a series of experiments, using the event-related brain potential and behavioral measures, we investigated the degree of semantic processing received by unattended items.Auditory experiments1.A prominent attenuation of N400 due to word repetition was observed when both first and second presentations were the object of attention. However, when first presentations were in the unattended ear, no repetition effect was obtained. Following the idea that N400 reflects the contextual integration process(es), these findings suggest that only the object of attention is integrated with its context.2.A large N400 development and its modulation with semantic priming only for words in the attended ear confirmed the focusing of subject's attention to the to-be-attended ear during selective listening. In a recognition memory test, inconsistent with Bentin et al. (1995) , the percentage of false positives for lures, that were semantically related to "old" words, was higher when they had been attended than when unattended, suggesting that attention operates before activating semantic representation.Visual experiments3. Following N190, P240 and N320 observed during face-picture selection of men and women, N410 was elicited when selection of their occupational attribute was added and its amplitude was affected by the familiarity level. The N410 behavior suggests that information selection occurs prior to semantic classification in the model of Bruce and Young (1986) .4. In a comparison between a ascending series, that the distinctiveness of face pictures was gradually increased with five steps, and its reverse descending series, P170 at Cz showed to be affected by the subjective image of face as well as facial structures. This paradigm will be a useful tool to investigate the face recognition processes, although the recording issues of face-related potentials (i.e., P170, N170) and the relation with the other components should be addressed.

在一系列实验中，利用事件相关的大脑电位和行为测量，我们研究了无人看管的项目所接受的语义处理程度。听觉实验1.当第一次和第二次呈现时，观察到由于单词重复而引起的 N400 的显着衰减。关注的对象。然而，当第一次呈现在无人看管的耳朵中时，没有获得重复效果。按照 N400 反映语境整合过程的观点，这些发现表明，只有注意的对象与其语境相整合。 2. N400 的大规模发展及其仅针对受关注耳朵中的单词进行语义启动的调制证实了在选择性聆听过程中将受试者的注意力集中到待听的耳朵上。在识别记忆测试中，与 Bentin 等人的观点不一致。 (1995)，在语义上与“旧”词相关的诱饵的误报百分比，在有人参与时比无人参与时更高，这表明注意力在激活语义表征之前就起作用了。视觉实验3。继在男性和女性面部图片选择中观察到的N190、P240和N320之后，当添加职业属性选择时引出N410，并且其幅度受到熟悉程度的影响。 N410 行为表明，在 Bruce 和 Young (1986) .4 的模型中，信息选择发生在语义分类之前。在人脸图片的独特性以五个步骤逐渐增加的上升系列与其反向下降系列（Cz处的P170）之间的比较中，显示出受到人脸主观图像以及面部结构的影响。尽管应该解决面部相关电位（即 P170、N170）的记录问题以及与其他组件的关系，但该范例将是研究面部识别过程的有用工具。