Petrological-geochemical studies of the martian rocks (meteorites) originated from Mars.

对源自火星的火星岩石（陨石）的岩石地球化学研究。

基本信息

批准号：
08404031
负责人：
YANAI Keizo
金额：
$ 7.87万
依托单位：
Iwate University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08404031/
关键词：
Martian meteorites Zagami ALH84001 Yamato-793605 ALH-77005 Chassigny Nakhla Shergotty 火星の生命 chassigny Nakhal

项目摘要

Twelve martian meteorites are well known so far as SNC meteorites (Shergottites (S), Nakhlites (N) and Chassignites (C)), which are believed to have originated from Mars. All the martian meteorites are igneous rocks formed by crystallization of a magma on the parent planet, Mars, during recent history of the solar system (116 Ma -1.3 Ga) except one specimen. Most martian meteorites show a typical crystalline igneous texture with intense shock, and only two specimens (ALH84001 and Yamato-793605) show the monomict brecciaed texture. Especially, ALH84001 is orthopyroxene monomict breccia indicating a remarkably old age of 4.5 Ga, and suggest the past life on Mars. Recently more three specimens were recovered and identified to martian origin. They are Y-1071(tentative), Dar al Ghani 476 and Lucky 13.According to their textures, martian meteorites are briefly separated into two textural groups : crystalline and breccia. A crystalline group includes cumulate, poikilitic and gabbroic - basaltic textures. They are preliminary classified into following five rock types of dunite, lherzolite, Clinopyroxenite, orthopyroxenite and gabbro-dolerite from their texture, mineral assemblages and chemical compsitions along with their crystallization.1. Dunite (Chassignites) : Chassigny2. Lherzolite : ALH-77OO5, LEW88516, Yamato-7936O5, Y-10753. Clinopyroxenite (Nakhlites) Nakhla, Lafayette, Governador Valadares4. Orthpyroxenite : ALH84001, (Dar al Ghani 476)5. Gabbro-dolerite (Shergottites) : Shergotty, Zagami, EETA79OO1, QUE94201, (Lucky 13)

迄今为止，人们所熟知的 12 颗火星陨石为 SNC 陨石（Shergottites (S)、Nakhlites (N) 和 Chassignites (C)），据信起源于火星。除了一个样本外，所有火星陨石都是在太阳系近代历史（116 Ma -1.3 Ga）期间由母行星火星上的岩浆结晶形成的火成岩。大多数火星陨石显示出典型的结晶火成岩结构，具有强烈的冲击力，只有两个样本（ALH84001和Yamato-793605）显示出单晶角砾岩结构。特别是，ALH84001是斜方辉石单晶角砾岩，年龄非常大，为4.5 Ga，暗示火星上曾经存在过生命。最近又发现了另外三个样本，并鉴定其起源于火星。它们是 Y-1071（暂定）、Dar al Ghani 476 和 Lucky 13。根据其纹理，火星陨石可简单分为两个纹理组：结晶和角砾岩。结晶组包括堆积岩、异斜岩和辉长岩-玄武岩结构。从其结构、矿物组合、化学成分及其结晶情况初步将其分为纯橄榄岩、二辉橄榄岩、单斜辉石岩、斜方辉石岩和辉长辉长岩五种岩石类型。 1．纯铜矿（Chassignites）：Chassigny2。二辉橄榄石：ALH-77OO5、LEW88516、Yamato-7936O5、Y-10753。单斜辉石（Nakhlites）纳赫拉，拉斐特，瓦拉达雷斯州长 4。正辉石岩：ALH84001，（Dar al Ghani 476）5。辉长岩（Shergottites）：Shergotty、Zagami、EETA79OO1、QUE94201、（Lucky 13）