A Study of Aristotle's concept of "zoon politikon(political animal)

亚里士多德“政治动物”概念研究

• 批准号: 17520026
• 负责人: HAMAOKA Takeshi
• 金额: $ 1.12万
• 依托单位: Chuo University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2005 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17520026/
• 关键词: Aristotle; political(social) Animal; Politics; History of Animals; ethics; ポリス的動物; ポリス; 群棲; 政治学; 家; 自然; 応報

I attempted to analyze the structure of the argument in Aristotle's Politics, I.2, where he introduce an idea of a human being as " zoon politikon (political animal)" to show that a polls (city-state) exist by nature.He describe how a polis comes to existence for the sake of good life through villages from households. He says that households are natural, but the statements must not be understood to show that human beings have an instinct to be able to form them, though human male and female are said to unite for breeding "not form choice" as well as other animals. The phrase "by nature", which appears very frequently in Politics I.2, is consistently used in teleological sense, and does not mean that human beings have an instinct to be fit for a polis.The idea of a human being as "zoon politikon" may be considered to imply totalistic idea of relationship between a polls and citizens. It is true that Aristotle explains the relationship by example of the relationship between a whole body … More and its parts, which seems to suggest that citizens are regarded as completely subject to their polls. However, citizens do not live for the sake of a polis, but a polis exist for the sake of well-being of its citizens as a place where they can be self-sufficient and realize their human nature by participating in political decisions.I attempted to clarify Aristotle's incomprehensible explanation of "zoon politikon" in his History of Animals, I. 1, where he says that of gregarious animals, as well as of solitary animals, some are politikon (social) and some live scattered and that human beings-which are thought of as being a social animal to a fuller extent in Polilitcs, I. as tending toward being both gregarious and solitary animals. The deliberative ability of humans, which is acquired through acquirement of language, enables a human being to have such various modes of life and even to lead a solitary life. The gift of speech make it possible for humans to have common idea of what is good or evil and just or unjust, and to maintain a reciprocal relationship between citizens, which make a city. Less

我试图分析亚里士多德《政治学》I.2中论证的结构，他在其中引入了人类作为“zoon politikon（政治动物）”的想法，以表明民意调查（城邦）本质上存在他描述了城邦如何通过家庭而通过村庄而存在。他说家庭是自然的，但这些陈述不能被理解为表明人类有能够形成家庭的本能。据说人类男性和女性与其他动物一样，为了繁殖而“不形成选择” “本性”一词在《政治学 I.2》中经常出现，始终用于目的论意义上，并不意味着人类有这样的本能。人类作为“政治动物”的想法可能被认为暗示了民意调查和公民之间关系的极权主义观念。亚里士多德确实通过两者之间的关系来解释这种关系。整个身体……更多及其然而，公民并不是为了城邦而生活，而是为了公民的福祉而存在，作为他们可以居住的地方。我试图澄清亚里士多德在他的《动物史》第一章中对“动物政治”的难以理解的解释，他在其中说群居的动物以及独居动物，有些是社会性的，有些是分散生活的，而人类——在政治学中被认为是一种更全面的社会性动物，I.倾向于既群居又孤独人类通过习得语言而获得的思考能力，使人类能够拥有如此多样的生活方式，甚至过上孤独的生活。语言的天赋使人类能够拥有共同的生活。善恶、正义或不正义的观念，并维持公民之间的互惠关系，这使得城市变得更少。

项目成果

ポリスとポリス的動物の自然性

城邦和城邦动物的自然性

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: 中央大学論集 28
• 作者: Hamaoka;Takeshi;浜岡 剛;濱岡 剛
• 通讯作者: 濱岡 剛

ポリス的な正しさ

警察的正确性

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: Hamaoka;Takeshi;浜岡 剛;濱岡 剛
• 通讯作者: 濱岡 剛

Utjlitarianism and Thoughts of Social Reform

功利主义与社会改革思想

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Chuo University Press
• 作者: Otonashi;Michihiro
• 通讯作者: Michihiro

ポリス的動物

警察动物

• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: 古代哲学研究 40
• 作者: 細田あや子;渡辺和子;濱岡 剛
• 通讯作者: 濱岡 剛

Individuals and Polis in Aristotle's Politics

亚里士多德政治学中的个人与城邦

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: The Annual of the Institute of Economic Research Chao University 38
• 作者: Hamaoka;Takeshi
• 通讯作者: Takeshi