Quantum localization of light and non-Markovian photoemission process in photonic crystals

光子晶体中光的量子局域化和非马尔可夫光电发射过程

基本信息

批准号：
17340124
负责人：
SAKODA Kazuaki
金额：
$ 9.47万
依托单位：
National Institute for Materials Science
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17340124/
关键词：
Photonic crystal Quantum electrodynamics FDTD method Superradiance Rare earth Complex compound Quantum dot

项目摘要

Artificial crystals with a large periodic modulation of their refractive indices, which are called photonic crystals, can realize photonic bandgaps, or frequency ranges in which there is no radiative eigenmode. Those atoms/molecules whose optical transition is close to the frequency of the photonic bandgaps are expected to bring about quantum localization of photons and the relevant non-Markovian photoemission phenomena due to the quantum-electrodynamical effects. In this study, we aimed at the demonstration of these novel quantum-electrodynamical effects by making use of superradiance of rare earth atoms and dye molecules. We developed a code for computation without the slowly-varying-envelope (SVE) approximation for photonic crystals with a large photonic bandgap to which the conventional analysis of based on the finite-difference time-domain method and the SVE approximation is not applicable. We found that the superradiant emission is propagated to the same direction as the excitation laser beam in the case of the pencil-like excitation, and hence, it is the one-dimensional photonic bandgap and photon density of states that are relevant to the behavior of the non-Markovian superradiance even for two- and three-dimensional photonic crystals We examined the superradiance of chelates of rare earth ions With a pulsed dye laser and a streak camera. We also examined the possibility of quantum dots cooled down to an extremely low temperature as an emitter and the usage of the extraordinary photon density of states due to the localized modes of the photonic crystals. On this research process, we obtained successful results such as the lasing of GaAs quantum dots, the first-principle calculation of the vacuum Rabi splitting by coupled bispheres, accurate evaluation of the spectral width of emission bands of single quantum dots by a Mickelson interferometer, calculation of electronic levels of quantum double rings, and their photoluminescence measurements.

折射率具有大周期调制的人造晶体（称为光子晶体）可以实现光子带隙或没有辐射本征模的频率范围。那些光学跃迁接近光子带隙频率的原子/分子有望由于量子电动力学效应而带来光子的量子局域化和相关的非马尔可夫光电子发射现象。在这项研究中，我们旨在通过利用稀土原子和染料分子的超辐射来演示这些新颖的量子电动力学效应。我们开发了一种无需慢变包络（SVE）近似的计算代码，用于具有大光子带隙的光子晶体，基于时域有限差分法和SVE近似的常规分析不适用。我们发现，在铅笔状激发的情况下，超辐射发射的传播方向与激发激光束相同，因此，与超辐射发射的行为相关的是一维光子带隙和光子态密度。即使是二维和三维光子晶体的非马尔可夫超辐射我们用脉冲染料激光器和条纹相机检查了稀土离子螯合物的超辐射。我们还研究了量子点作为发射器冷却到极低温度的可能性，以及由于光子晶体的局域模式而使用非凡的光子态密度。在这一研究过程中，我们取得了GaAs量子点激光发射、耦合双球真空拉比分裂第一性原理计算、米克尔森干涉仪准确评估单量子点发射带谱宽等成功成果，量子双环电子能级的计算及其光致发光测量。