STEALTHAUTHENTIFICATION USING RANGE OF RADIO FREQUENCY TRANSPONDER IN THE ENDODONTIC SPACE

在牙髓腔内使用射频应答器进行隐形身份验证

• 批准号: 17310088
• 负责人: ISHIHATA Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 10.68万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2005 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17310088/
• 关键词: STEALTH; RFID; ENDODONTIC THERAPY; AUTHENTIFICATION; MOBILE PHONE; RADIO FREQUENCY; ISO 15693; SECURITY; ICタグ; 本人確認; 歯; 口腔; 生体埋め込み; 埋込み; ステルス認証; メンブレン; 再生医療; 生体親和性; セキュリティ; 非接触

INTRODUCTION: In recent years, automatic identification procedure (Auto-ID) has become very popular in many service industry, merchandise and distribution logistic, finance, transport and medical system. Auto-ID exists to provide information about people, animal, goods and procedure in transit. One of the technically optimal solutions of Auto-ID, using a silicon chip, has been provided as a technology of radio frequency identification (RFID). The most common form of electronic data-carrying-device in everyday life is a smart card based upon a contact field (phone card, bank card) on the data communication between host system and chip in housing of the card. Now an integrated design of contactless data transfer between the device and its reader is more flexible. In the ideal case, the power required to operate the electronic microchip in the card would also be transferred from the reader using contactless technology. This contactless system used for the transfer of power and data is cal … More led RFID. METHODS: Ten extracted human third molar teeth free from dental caries were used to encapsulate RFID transponders. Fifteen cylindrical transponders (o. d. 3 mm, length 13 mm) using a medium wave frequency (125 kHz Emfreccia ONMETALTM, Mitsubishi Materials, JAPAN) were tested. The endodontic cavity, including the coronal chamber and root canal of each tooth, was prepared to fit the cylindrical core of the RFID from the coronal side of the tooth. Volume expansion of cavity in the tooth and decrease of the dentin thickness might result in significant reduction of facility as a radio frequency shield. Dentin thickness of 3mm was preserved to allow functioning as a barrier for radio frequency between the transponder and the reader. Three acrylic cylinders (ψ10×22 mm) were used as controls in which co-axial holes (diameter: 3mm, depth: 13mm) were drilled to fit for the transponders. A reader (EmfrecciaTM, Mitsubishi Materials) that communicated with the transponder enclosed in dentin was located on the extension line of the tooth axis, because these tags had sharp directionality for communication with the reader along the cylindrical shaft direction. The tooth was held with a plastic clamp attached to a carriage in longitudinal axis direction. The maximum communication range was measured with establishment of the data transfer by a utility program for IBM-PC compatible via RS-232-C serial interface. RESULTS: The mean communication distance of unencapsulated RFID transponders was 18.6±1.7mm (n=15), while the mean ranges in RFID transponders encapsulated with acrylic materials (control) or teeth were 18.1±1.6 mm (n=45) and 17.8±1.7mm (n=150), respectively. The percentages of the range compared with the unencapsulated were 97.3±1.6% and 94.6±1.9%, respectively. No statistical significant difference under these conditions could be observed. The actual decrease of communication distance under dentin encapsulated conditions was very small (5.4%). DISCUSION: The RFID tag, holding ID information attached to the wristband, has already been carried out for a swift identification of inpatients. But continuous wearing of a wristband may induce physical and mental stress in some patients. The method embedding the RFID in the tooth might disengage the patients from the stress by the wristband. However, the contrivance to exclude psychological pressure on recipient in using the embedded RFID, such as placing the detector close to the embedded position in the human body, should be elaborated. Embedded ID into oral cavity could be apply to a mobile phone in combination with a RFID reader. This engineering system is called 'stealth identification' that utilizes communication equipment such as a mobile phone. In most of the voice communications, the distance between the face and the handset is relatively small. When the handset equips RFID reader, the identification can be established by detecting the RFID during the phone usage. It would be difficult to detect existence of the RFID transponder in the oral cavity. Furthermore, it seems almost impossible to distinguish voice communication from the identification process using the RFID in a tooth by the third party. The invisible method is relatively safe to hide the existence of imbedded RFID from malicious purpose. This contributes to the protection of individual privacy. The patient has little physical and mental restrain. CONCLUTION: The insulation effect of the tooth had small enough to allow for the penetration of the signal of the medium frequency band. Less

简介：近年来，自动识别程序（Auto-ID）在许多服务行业、商品和分销物流、金融、运输和医疗系统中变得非常流行，以提供有关人、动物、货物和程序的信息。自动识别技术的最佳解决方案之一是使用硅芯片，它是一种射频识别 (RFID) 技术。日常生活中最常见的电子数据携带设备是智能设备。基于联系字段的卡片（电话卡、银行卡）主机系统与卡外壳内的芯片之间的数据通信现在，设备与其读卡器之间的非接触式数据传输的集成设计在理想情况下，操作电子设备所需的电力更加灵活。卡中的微芯片也可以使用非接触式技术从读卡器传输，这种用于传输电力和数据的非接触式系统是 RFID 技术：使用 10 颗没有龋齿的拔除的人类第三颗牙齿来封装 RFID。使用中波频率（125 kHz Emfreccia ONMETALTM，三菱材料，日本）测试了 15 个圆柱形应答器（外径 3 毫米，长度 13 毫米），准备了牙髓腔，包括每颗牙齿的冠状腔和根管。从牙齿的冠侧安装 RFID 的圆柱形核心，以扩大牙齿腔体的体积。牙本质厚度的减少可能会导致设施的显着减少，因为保留了 3mm 的牙本质厚度，以充当应答器和读取器之间的射频屏障。 三个丙烯酸圆柱体 (ψ10×22 mm)。用作对照，其中钻有同轴孔（直径：3mm，深度：13mm）以适合应答器（EmfrecciaTM，Mitsubishi Materials）。与牙本质中封闭的应答器通信的标签位于牙齿轴线的延长线上，因为这些标签具有沿着圆柱轴方向与读取器通信的明确方向性。牙齿由纵向固定在托架上的塑料夹固定。通过 RS-232-C 串行接口通过 IBM-PC 兼容的实用程序建立数据传输来测量最大通信距离。 结果：未封装的 RFID 应答器的平均通信距离为。 18.6±1.7mm (n=15)，而用丙烯酸材料（对照）或牙齿封装的 RFID 应答器的平均范围百分比分别为 18.1±1.6 mm (n=45) 和 17.8±1.7mm (n=150)。与未封装的相比，该范围的范围分别为97.3±1.6%和94.6±1.9%。在这些条件下，没有观察到显着的统计差异。在牙本质封装条件下，通信距离的实际减少非常小（5.4%）。但持续佩戴腕带可能会给某些患者带来身体和精神压力，而将 RFID 嵌入牙齿的方法可能会减轻患者因腕带而产生的压力。应详细说明使用嵌入式 RFID 时消除接受者心理压力的方法，例如将探测器放置在靠近人体嵌入位置的位置，可将嵌入式 ID 应用于与 RFID 阅读器结合的移动电话。这种工程系统被称为“隐形识别”，它利用手机等通信设备进行语音通信，当手机配备RFID阅读器时，人脸与手机之间的距离就可以进行识别。通过在电话使用期间检测 RFID 来建立，很难检测到口腔中 RFID 应答器的存在。此外，似乎几乎不可能将语音通信与使用牙齿中的 RFID 的识别过程区分开来。隐形方法相对安全，可以隐藏嵌入式 RFID 的存在，从而有助于保护个人隐私。结论：牙齿的绝缘效果足够小。为了中频段信号的穿透力较小。

项目成果

Communication Range of Radio Frequency Transponder in the Endodontic Space

牙髓腔内射频应答器的通信范围

• 发表时间: 2006
• 作者: Ishihata H.;Shoji S.;Shimauchi H.
• 通讯作者: Shimauchi H.

A Radio Frequency Identification Implanted in a Tooth Can Communicate With the Outside World

植入牙齿的射频识别可以与外界沟通

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: IEEE Transaction on Information Technology in Biomedicine 11
• 作者: Ishihata H.;Tomoe T.;Takei K.;Hirano T.;Yoshida K.;Shoji S.;Shimauchi H.;Horiuchi H.
• 通讯作者: Horiuchi H.

Communication Range of Radio Frequency Transponder in the Endodontic Space (No. 1081)

牙髓腔内射频应答器的通信范围（编号：1081）

• 发表时间: 2006
• 作者: Ishihata H.;Shoji S.;Shimauchi H.
• 通讯作者: Shimauchi H.

歯周組織内埋設型無線通信媒体

嵌入牙周组织的无线通信介质

• 发表时间: 2007

A Radio Frequency Identification Implanted in a Tooth can Communicate With the Outside World.

植入牙齿中的射频识别可以与外界通信。

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: IEEE Transaction on Information Technology in Biomedicine 11
• 作者: H. Ishihata;T. Tomoe;K. Takei;T. Hirano;K. Yoshida;S. S hoji;H. Shimauchi;H. Horiuchi
• 通讯作者: H. Horiuchi