STUDIES ON CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTANTS ON AIRBORNE POLLEN IN URBANAREA OF JAPAN

日本市区空气污染物对空气中花粉的化学和物理影响研究

基本信息

批准号：
17310031
负责人：
WANG Qingyue
金额：
$ 10.75万
依托单位：
Saitama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17310031/
关键词：
Japanese cedar pollen Urban area Air pollutants Allergen particles Size distribution Collection of air samples Analytical methods アレルゲン微小化抽出法花粉寄与率

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the adverse factors influencing by air pollutants and to aid biomedical research by investigating the deposition of air pollutants on Japanese cedar pollen between urban and mountainous areas. Suspended particulate matter and Japanese cedar perigonium pollen were collected to identify the deposition of air pollutants at Saitama urban area and a mountainous area, during the pollination season. Ionic and metallic components of these samples and perigonium and pollen were analyzed. We found that crustal components (Al, Fe and Ti) tended to deposit on perigonium pollen. The amount of ionic components of particles (NO_3^-, SO_4^<2-> and NH_4^+) and gaseous pollutants (NO_2, SO_2 and NH_3) deposited on the perigonium pollen were higher in the urban than in the mountainous areas, the fact of which was proven by determination of gaseous pollutants exposed to Japanese cedar pollen. It is suggested that these phenomena may affect pollinosis and therefore … More it is necessary to investigate implication on biomedical researches.In addition, morphological observation of Ubisch bodies exfoliated from pollen and ruptured pollens was performed and confirmed with a scanning electron microscope. Moreover, the existing evidences of visualized Cry j 1 and Cry j 2 allergen particles below 1.1 μm were also sensitively found by an immunofluorescence technique with a fluorescence microscope. Simultaneously, the high concentrations of Cry j 1 and/or Cry j 2 were determined in the fine particle sizes below 1.1 μm. It was suggested that airborne respirable particulate matters containing Cry j 1 and Cry j 2 play a key role in the increasing incidence of asthma in the lower respiratory tract. Furthermore, since Cry j 1 (or Cry j 2) fine particles were suspended in the atmosphere over a long time more after released, the daily variation delays in the peaks of these concentrations compared with the peaks of airborne pollen counts were observed. It is important to observe and determine the size distribution of airborne Japanese cedar pollen allergen particles in the long-term sampling research continually, and to elucidate the allergen particle release mechanisms. Less

本研究的目的是通过调查城市和山区的空气污染物在日本柳杉花粉上的沉积情况来评估空气污染物的不利因素，并帮助生物医学研究，收集悬浮颗粒物和日本柳杉花粉，以确定其影响。对这些样品以及地壳和花粉的离子和金属成分在埼玉市区和山区的沉积进行了分析。颗粒物离子成分(NO_3^-、SO_4^<2->、NH_4^+)和气态污染物(NO_2、SO_2、NH_3)沉积量。通过对日本柳杉花粉暴露的气态污染物的测定，证明了城市的柳枝花粉含量高于山区。表明这些现象可能影响花粉病，因此有必要调查其对生物医学研究的影响。此外，还对花粉脱落的乌比施体和破裂的花粉进行了形态观察，并用扫描电子显微镜证实了这一点。同时，通过荧光显微镜的免疫荧光技术也灵敏地发现了低于 1.1 μm 的可视化 Cry j 1 和 Cry j 2 过敏原颗粒。和/或 Cry j 2 的细颗粒尺寸低于 1.1 μm，表明含有 Cry j 1 和 Cry j 2 的空气中的可吸入颗粒物在下呼吸道哮喘发病率的增加中发挥着关键作用。由于Cry j 1（或Cry j 2）细颗粒物释放后悬浮在大气中的时间更长，因此观察到这些浓度峰值与空气中花粉计数峰值相比的每日变化延迟。在长期的采样研究中持续观察和测定空气中柳杉花粉过敏原颗粒的粒径分布，对于阐明过敏原颗粒的释放机制具有重要意义。