Effects of host plant dioecy on leafminers and their parasitoids

寄主植物雌雄异体对潜叶蝇及其寄生蜂的影响

• 批准号: 16570017
• 负责人: SATO Hiroaki
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: Nara Women's University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16570017/
• 关键词: Eurya japonica; Coptotriche iaponiella; Tischieriidae; parasitoid community; early leaf abscission; hvnersensitive response; leafminer; dioecy; ギルド構造; 共存機構; 二次寄生; 内寄生; 外寄生; カテキン; ムモンハモグリガ; 過敏応答; 強制産卵; 産卵選好性; 初期死亡率; 落葉抑制; 未記載種; 開葉フェノロジ

We aimed to clarify the effects of sexual difference of Eurya japonica (Theaceae) in vegetative growth pattern and foliar nutritional and secondaty substance contents on the ecology of a leafminer (Coptotonche japoniella, Tischeriidae, Lepidoptera) and its parasitoid community. However, the difference in the density of C. japoniella between male and female plants was yearly variable, so that we failed to attain the original aim. Instead, we revealed the following things:1. C. japoniella oviposited exclusively on leaves over aged one year and scarcely on current-year leaves. Old leaves had smaller amount of nitrogen contents, lower ratio of nitrogen to carbon and larger amount of epigarocatechin than current-year leaves. When females of C. japoniella were compelled to lay eggs on current-year leaves, hatched larvae were soon enclosed by transformed cells of the leaf tissue. Thus, the adaptive significance that females scarcely oviposit on current-year leaves would be to avoid leaves with hypersensitive response to mines rather than leaves with poor nutritional quality.2. Leaves with leafmining larvae killed experimentally began to abscise earlier and more rapidly than leaves with living larvae. This suggests that C. japoniella larvae inhibit the host plant from abscising mined leaves early.3. The parasitoid assemblage assariated with C. japoniella was composed of 12 species. Of them, one was koinobiont, and the others were idiobiont. Coexisting mechanisms in this assemblage seemed to be a quite high rate of hyperparasitism by idiobionts to the dominant koinobiont and wide host ranges of idiobionts.4. On the basis of investigation of specimens preserved in Osaka Prefecture University and Hokkaido University and those collected in the field, four species of Tischeriidae were found to be new to science. Furthermore, a new tischeriid species from Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) was collected in Jawa Island, Indonesia, where no tischeriids had been recorded.

我们的目的是阐明Eurya Japonica（剧院）性差异对植物生长模式以及叶面营养和第二种物质内容的影响对叶晶剂的生态学（Coptotonche Japoniella，Tischeriidae，Lepidoptera）及其副构型社区。但是，雄性植物和雌性植物之间的C. japoniella密度的差异是每年可变的，因此我们无法实现最初的目标。相反，我们揭示了以下内容：1。 C. japoniella Oviposos仅在一年以上的叶子上，几乎没有在当年的叶子上。旧叶的氮含量较少，氮与碳的比率较低，而上年叶的含量较低。当将J. japoniella的雌性强迫在当年叶子上产卵时，孵化的幼虫很快被叶片组织的转化细胞包围。因此，女性在当年叶子上几乎不产卵的适应性意义是避免对矿山的叶子，而不是营养品质差的叶子。2。与活着的幼虫相比，实验中叶片的叶子被杀死的叶子开始早些时候，更快地脱落。这表明C. japoniella幼虫抑制宿主植物早日脱离开采的叶子3。用J. japoniella共同的寄生虫组合由12种。其中一个是koinobiont，而其他人则是白痴。在这种组合中共存的机制似乎是对主导的koinobiont和idiobionts.4的主宿主范围的高寄生性率很高。4。根据大阪县和北海道大学保存的标本的调查，以及在该领域收集的标本，发现四种Tischeriidae是科学的新手。此外，来自Quercus sp。的一种新的Tischeriid物种。 （Fagaceae）在印度尼西亚的贾瓦岛收集，那里没有记录Tischeriids。

项目成果

Inhibition of premature leaf abscission by a leafminer and its adaptive significance

潜叶蝇对叶片过早脱落的抑制及其适应性意义

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Environmental Entomology 36
• 作者: Masako Oishi;Hiroaki Sato
• 通讯作者: Hiroaki Sato

A leafminer inhibiting early leaf abscission

潜叶蝇抑制早期叶片脱落

• 发表时间: 2005
• 作者: Masako;Oishi;Hiroaki;Sato
• 通讯作者: Sato