Development of a diagnostic system for definitive hosts of taeniid cestodes and an epizootiological survey for echinococcosis in urban area

绦虫终宿主诊断系统的建立及城市包虫病流行病学调查

基本信息

批准号：
15380205
负责人：
NONAKA Nariaki
金额：
$ 10.3万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15380205/
关键词：
Echinococcosis Diagnosis Dog Fox PCR Coproantigen DNA Deworming 糞便排泄動物多包条虫終宿主テニア動物疫学虫卵

项目摘要

Echinococcus multilocularis is a zoonotic parasite endemic in Hokkaido. The definitive host of the parasite carnivore animal such as fox and dog, and the intermediate host is rodent. Humans get infection by accidentally ingestin; the parasite eggs. The prevalence in foxes in Hokkaido was about 40% in the last decade and that in pet dogs is 0.3-0.7% In response to a deteriorating situation, reporting system for canine echinococcosis has been enforced since 2004 in Japan. This study has aimed to improve a diagnostic system for the definitive hosts by incorporating specific DNA detection and t, investigate an urban life cycle of the parasite and risk for infection in Sapporo and its suburbs. In research for diagnosti, system, PCR with specific primers for E. multilocularis and PCR-RFLP for other taeniid cestodes were developed for the egg of taeniid cestodes that were found in fecal egg examination but morphologically indistinguishable among the family. Moreover DNA diagnosis in prepatent period in which eggs are not excreted in host feces was shown to be feasible by examining th, post-dewormed feces. In addition, high reliability of a developing coproantigen detection kit which can be incorporated i the diagnostic system was shown using the samples collected in Japan and other countries. During the evaluation, a cat excretin E. multilocularis eggs were found at first in Japan. In investigation on an urban life cycle, high prevalence was found i foxes inhabiting in Sapporo and Otaru. Foxes showed geographical preference for selecting their den sites. Therefore, potentia home range of infected foxes, thus a risk area for Echinococcus infection in the urban area could be estimated.

多房棘球绦虫是北海道流行的一种人畜共患寄生虫。寄生虫的最终宿主是狐狸、狗等食肉动物，中间宿主是啮齿类动物。人类因误食而感染；寄生虫卵。近十年来，北海道狐狸的患病率约为40%，宠物狗的患病率为0.3-0.7%。为了应对日益恶化的情况，日本自2004年起实施了犬包虫病报告制度。本研究旨在通过结合特异性 DNA 检测和调查寄生虫的城市生命周期以及札幌及其郊区的感染风险，改进最终宿主的诊断系统。在诊断研究中，针对粪卵检查中发现的绦虫绦虫卵，系统地开发了针对多房绦虫的特异性引物PCR和针对其他绦虫绦虫的PCR-RFLP，这些绦虫绦虫的卵在粪便卵检查中发现，但在科中形态上无法区分。此外，通过检查驱虫后的粪便，表明潜伏期的DNA诊断是可行的，其中虫卵不排泄到宿主粪便中。此外，使用在日本和其他国家收集的样本显示了正在开发的粪抗原检测试剂盒的高可靠性，该试剂盒可以纳入诊断系统。评价过程中，首先在日本发现了猫排泄物多房肠杆菌卵。在对城市生命周期的调查中，发现居住在札幌和小樽的狐狸的流行率很高。狐狸在选择巢穴地点时表现出地理偏好。因此，可以估计受感染狐狸的潜在范围，从而估计市区棘球蚴感染的风险区域。