Developing a management system of animal manure to reduce greenhouse gas emission and water contamination

开发动物粪便管理系统以减少温室气体排放和水污染

基本信息

批准号：
15380160
负责人：
NOBORIO Kosuke
金额：
$ 10.24万
依托单位：
Meiji University (2005)Iwate University (2003-2004)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The research was conducted at a reed canary grass field, where Andisol was predominant, applied with dairy cattle manure. Estimates of evapotranspiration in the field using an energy balance method were agreed well with those with the standard Bowen ratio method. The fluxes of greenhouse and other gases, N_2O, CO_2, CH_4, and NH_3, were continuously measured using the conditional sampling method. It was found that there were cyclic exchanges of N_2O and CO_2 gases between the atmosphere and the ground even in a snow accumulated season. By measuring the natural abundance of nitrogen isotopes, δ^<15>N, in ammonium-, NH_4^+-, and nitrate, NO_3^--, nitrogen, we found that just after the manure application the volatilization and nitrification of NH_3, immediately followed by denitrification, occurred. Thus, it was implied that the N_2O gas emission after the manure application was attributed to both the processes of nitrification and denitrification. As the rate of nitrification decreased w … More ith decreases in soil temperature, the N_2O gas flux observed during the snow accumulated season might be caused by denitification. We also found that the N_2O gas flux increased linearly with increases in soil water content. This might result in a large spike of N_2O gas flux occurred after rainfall events. As the adsorption of anions by the Andisol was evident, the anion adsorption might cause the relatively small amounts of anions transported to the groundwater. The year-round emission of N_2O gas from the grass field might be resulted from the denitrification of the NO_3^- ion adsorbed by Andisol. We evaluated that the N_2O gas emitted was approximately 17% of the total nitrogen applied. A large water flux in soil was observed during a thawing period in the early spring. Since soil water content affected the N_2O gas emission, further research is needed to understand the relationship between the freezing and thawing of soil and the emission of the greenhouse gases. A two-dimensional fully-coupled water, solute, and heat transport model was developed. We should consider the effect of animal manure on both water and atmospheric environments when we establish management practices for animal manure application to an agricultural field. Less

这项研究是在芦苇金丝雀草田进行的，在那里，安迪索尔主要使用奶牛手册。使用能量平衡方法对现场蒸散量的估计与具有标准Bowen比率方法的估计值一致。使用条件采样方法不断测量温室和其他气体，N_2O，CO_2，CH_4和NH_3的通量。发现即使在积雪的季节，大气和地面之间的N_2O和CO_2气体也存在循环交换。通过测量氮同位素的自然抽象，δ^<15> n，在铵 - ，nh_4^+ - 和硝酸盐中，氮，no_3^ - ，氮，我们发现在手动应用后，在使用NH_3的挥发性和硝化后，NH_3，紧随其后的是nitriifienafienapifienation。这意味着手动应用程序后的N_2O气体排放归因于硝化和反硝化过程。随着硝化速率降低了W…越来越多的土壤温度降低，在积雪季节期间观察到的N_2O气体通量可能是由反应引起的。我们还发现，随着土壤水分含量的增加，N_2O气通量线性增加。这可能导致降雨事件发生后发生大量的N_2O气体通量。正如证明了Anddisol对阴离子的吸附，阴离子的吸附可能导致相对少量传输到地下水的阴离子。从草田中N_2O气体的全年发射可能是由Anddisol吸附的NO_3^ - 离子的硝化产生的。我们评估了发出的N_2O气体约为施用总氮的17％。在早春的融化期间，在土壤中观察到大量的水通量。由于土壤含量影响了N_2O气体排放，因此需要进一步的研究来了解土壤的冷冻和解冻与温室气体排放之间的关系。开发了二维完全耦合的水，固体和热传输模型。当我们为农业领域的动物手动应用建立管理实践时，我们应该考虑动物手册对水和大气环境的影响。较少的

项目成果

期刊论文数量（6）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Measurement of Water and Nitrate Contents in Unsaturated Soil Using Time Domain Reflectometry

使用时域反射法测量非饱和土壤中的水和硝酸盐含量

DOI：
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
Journal of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers (in Japanese with an English absract) 783/VII-34
影响因子：
0
作者：
Kosuke Noborio;Naoya Satta;Kiyoshi Koga;Hidekazu Baba;Yoshiaki Mukaida
通讯作者：
Yoshiaki Mukaida

鉛直に挿入したTDRプローブを使って測定した土壌の溶質輸送特性

使用垂直插入的 TDR 探头测量土壤的溶质迁移特性

DOI：
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
土壌の物理性 101
影响因子：
0
作者：
登尾浩助;徳本家康;向井田善朗
通讯作者：
向井田善朗

Estimating Thermal Diffusivity of Soil Packed in a Cylinder Using an Analytical Solution

使用分析解估算圆柱体土壤的热扩散率

DOI：
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
Journal of the Japanese Society of Soil Physics (in Japanese with an English absract) 101
影响因子：
0
作者：
Kosuke Noborio;Ieyasu Tokumoto;Yoshiaki Mukaida
通讯作者：
Yoshiaki Mukaida

シリンダーに充填した土壌の熱拡散係数を簡易に推定する方法

一种估算圆柱体土壤热扩散率的简单方法