Restoration of motor function by brain-computer interface with cortical implant

皮质植入脑机接口恢复运动功能

• 批准号: 15300159
• 负责人: KATO Amami
• 金额: $ 7.1万
• 依托单位: Osaka University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15300159/
• 关键词: restoration of motor function; brain-computer interface; electrocorticogram; event related desynchronization; brain activation; magnetoencephalography; cortical grid electrodes; signal processing; 事象関連同期; 大脳生理; 運動皮質; 合成開口法; 脳皮質インプラント; 運動機能再建

In this study we aimed to develop brain-computer interface (BCI) which allows a person to communicate with his environment by detecting his intention without the use of muscles or peripheral nerves. Electrocorticograms (ECoG) as well as magnetoencephalograms (MEG) evoked by voluntary movement were examined to detect the intension of movement before actual muscle contraction.1.MEG successfully revealed with precise spatiotemporal resolution the motor readiness field several millisecond prior to muscle contraction, the motor field and the motor evoked field. Event related desynchronization (ERD) of beta band and event related synchronization (ERS) of high gamma band were consistently evoked in the motor related cortices.2.ECoG revealed wider cortical activations displayed as the beta ERD reflecting the sequential and parallel flows of programming process for motion.3.The spectrographical and coherence analysis revealed topographical concordance between ERD/ERS localization and electrical stimulation mapping. Especially, ERS of high frequency band correlated more selective with the type of motion than ERD of alfa to beta bands. The ECoG signals from premotor areas were more coherent between nearby electrodes compared to those from primary motor areas. This evidence suggested the motor control program are generated initially in the premotor cortices with wide-spread collaboration of functional units and then became more specific to drive each muscle in the primary motor cortices.4.Applying a band-pass filtering to stream ECoG signals, the intention of motion could be differentiated. We could attain the accuracy at the level of 80% and up to 92% by optimizing the conditions. This suggests our method attained to develop practical and high speed BCI.5.Similar ECoG activation was observed in the language task which implied feasibility of more direct BCI based communication using ECoG.

在这项研究中，我们的目标是开发脑机接口（BCI），它允许一个人通过检测他的意图来与他的环境进行交流，而无需使用肌肉或周围神经。通过检查随意运动诱发的皮质电图（ECoG）和脑磁图（MEG）来检测实际肌肉收缩前的运动强度。1.MEG 以精确的时空分辨率成功揭示了肌肉收缩前几毫秒的运动准备场，运动场和运动诱发场。 β带的事件相关去同步化（ERD）和高γ带的事件相关同步（ERS）在运动相关皮层中一致被诱发。2.ECoG揭示了更广泛的皮层激活，显示为β ERD，反映了编程过程的顺序和并行流程3.光谱和相干性分析揭示了 ERD/ERS 定位和电刺激映射之间的地形一致性。特别是，高频段的 ERS ​​与运动类型的相关性比 α 至 β 频段的 ERD 更具选择性。与来自初级运动区的 ECoG 信号相比，来自前运动区的 ECoG 信号在附近电极之间更加一致。这一证据表明，运动控制程序最初是在运动前皮层中通过功能单元的广泛协作生成的，然后变得更加具体，以驱动初级运动皮层中的每块肌肉。4.应用带通滤波来传输 ECoG 信号，运动的意图可以被区分。通过优化条件，我们可以达到 80% 和 92% 的准确率。这表明我们的方法已达到开发实用且高速 BCI 的目的。5. 在语言任务中观察到类似的 ECoG 激活，这意味着使用 ECoG 进行更直接的基于 BCI 的通信的可行性。

项目成果

痙性麻痺の外科治療-足関節痙縮に対するSelective Tibial Neurotomy-

痉挛性瘫痪的手术治疗 - 选择性胫神经切断术治疗踝关节痉挛 -

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: 脳神経外科速報 15(4)
• 作者: Goss JR;et al.;夏目敦至;米澤 朋子;後藤剛夫;Hirayama-A;加藤 天美;Fujimoto-Y;齋藤洋一;齋藤洋一;平田 雅之;貴島 晴彦
• 通讯作者: 貴島 晴彦

加藤天美: "脳磁図(MEG)による脳機能の評価機能・代謝画像診断法と分子画像/pp83-88"南山堂. 340 (2003)

Amami Kato：“使用脑磁图（MEG）、代谢成像诊断方法和分子成像评估脑功能/pp83-88”Nanzando 340（2003）。

Hirata M: "Determination of language dominance using synthetic aperture magnetometry"Muscle Nerve. 12(supple). S84 (2003)

平田 M：“使用合成孔径磁力测定法确定语言优势”肌肉神经。

腰部脊柱管狭窄症に対する片側進入拡大開窓及び両側椎間関節内側切除及び椎間孔開放術

单侧扩大开窗、双侧小关节内侧切除、椎间孔开放治疗腰椎管狭窄症

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: 脊椎外科 17
• 作者: Miyanari A;Hirayama A;加藤天美;Miyanari A;Hirayama A;Kinoshita M;Fujimoto Y;Kato A;Taniguchi M;高橋優;貴島晴彦;齋藤洋一;貴島晴彦;平田雅之;加藤天美;平田雅之;平田雅之;Kinoshita M;Fujimoto Y;Kato A;Taniguchi M;加藤 天美;Kato A;平田雅之;平田雅之;貴島晴彦;貴島晴彦;Fujimoto Y;Saitoh Y;Toyota S;Tani N;Taniguchi M;Hirata M;Fujimoto Y;Kato A;加藤天美;加藤天美;平田雅之;押野悟;高橋優子;平田雅之;加藤天美;齋藤洋一;貴島晴彦;Saitoh Y;Toyota S;Tani N;Taniguchi M;Hirata M;Fujimoto Y;Kato A;加藤天美;加藤天美;Kato A;Hirata M;Taniguchi M;Fujimoto Y;Ihara A;Ihara A;Kubo S;Saitoh Y;Saitoh Y;齋藤洋一;加藤天美;松本勝美;岩月幸一
• 通讯作者: 岩月幸一

画像観察装置

图像观察装置

• 发表时间: 2004