Application of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with A New Photometric Detection Method (Development of Analytical Methods for Environmental Pollutants)

新型光度检测方法高效液相色谱的应用（环境污染物分析方法的发展）

基本信息

批准号：
02670975
负责人：
HAYAKAWA Kazuichi
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Kanazawa University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

(1) Theoretical studies on the retention and peak formation mechanism in ion chromatography (IC) : Following on from our previous work, a new theory "selective peak enhancement and suppression of conductivity detection IC" was evaluated. This theory was effectively used in the determination of trace level orthophosphate in sewage samples. Ion exchange chromatographic behavior of polyvalent eluent systems was evaluated theoretically by introducing a new parameter "the intereluent separation factor" in equations for Hoover's model.(2) Functional eluents for photometric detection IC : Both[Cu(en)_2SO_4 and[Cu(trien)]SO_4 were effective eluents for the sensitive determination of cations. Using a Na_2[Cu(edta)]- Na_2H_2 edta eluent, not only anions but also metal ions were deterifined as metal-edta anion chelates by photometric detection IC. These methods were effectively used in the determination of cations and anions in environmental water samples. Malic acid enantiomers were separately d … More etermined by photometric detection IC using a copper - tartaric acid complex eluent, based on a ligand-exchange formation mechanism. Malic acid, an apple juice additive, was determined by this method.(3) Determination of carbonate-carbon : Interfering atmospheric carbon dioxide dissolved in eluents was removed effectively by nitrogen purging. Using this equipment, trace level carbonate carbon as low as 10^<-6> M could be determined by photomeric detection IC as well as ion exclusion chromatography (conductivity detection). Carbonate-carbon in rain water was determined by this method.(4) Polarized photometric detection : When two polarizers were set on both sides of the flow sell of an absorbance detector, the intensity of natural light transmitted through the polarizers and the flow cell was changed according to the optically active compounds if passed through. The change in absorbance was in proportion to the concentration of the compound. Nonchromophoric optically active compounds such as sugars were sensitively determined using photometric detection HPLC without any derivatization.(5) Automatic pretreatment/HPLC system : The combination of column-switching system and a heart-cutting technique effectively removed interfering compounds in IC. This system was used to determine anions in river and rain water samples by photometric detection IC and orthophosphate in sewage samples by conductivity detection IC.(6) Determination of nitopyrenes by HPLC with chemiluminescence detection : A method of determining nitro-, nitroso- and aminopyrenes has been developed using HPLC with chemiluminescence detection after on-line electrochemical reduction. Determination method of 1, 3-, 1, 6-, 1, 8-dinitropyrenes and 1-nitropyrene has also been developed using HPLC with chemiluminescence detection after off-line chemical reduction. Utilizing these methods, dinitropyrenes and nitropyrene were determined in diesel- and gasoline-engine exhaust particulates. Less

（1）离子色谱（IC）保留和峰形成机制的理论研究：继我们之前的工作之后，对“电导检测IC的选择性峰增强和抑制”新理论进行了评估，该理论在离子色谱中得到了有效的应用。通过在胡佛方程中引入新参数“洗脱液间分离因子”，对多价洗脱液系统的离子交换色谱行为进行了测定。 (2)用于光度检测IC的功能性洗脱液：[Cu(en)_2SO_4和[Cu(trien)]SO_4都是Na_2[Cu(edta)]-Na_2H_2 edta洗脱液灵敏测定阳离子的有效洗脱液。，不仅是阴离子，而且金属离子都被光度检测 IC 测定为金属-edta 阴离子螯合物。这些方法有效地用于测定。基于配体交换形成机制，使用铜-酒石酸络合物洗脱液，通过光度检测 IC 分别测定了环境水样中的阳离子和阴离子。 (3)碳酸盐碳的测定：通过氮气吹扫，有效去除洗脱液中溶解的干扰大气二氧化碳，痕量碳酸盐碳低至最低。 10^-6M可以通过光度检测IC以及离子排阻色谱法(电导率检测)来测定雨水中的碳酸盐-碳。 (4)偏光光度检测：当打开两个偏光器时。在吸光度检测器的流通池两侧，透过偏振器和流通池的自然光的强度根据通过的光学活性化合物而变化。吸光度的变化与光学活性化合物的浓度成正比。使用光度检测 HPLC 灵敏地测定糖等非发色光学活性化合物，无需任何衍生化。(5) 自动预处理/HPLC 系统：柱切换系统和中心切割技术的结合有效去除了 IC 中的干扰化合物。采用光度检测IC测定河水、雨水样品中的阴离子，电导检测IC测定污水样品中的正磷酸盐。 (6)硝基芘的测定化学发光检测高效液相色谱法：在线电化学还原测定 1, 3-, 1, 6-, 1, 8-二硝基芘和氨基芘的方法采用高效液相色谱化学发光检测法。 1-硝基芘也已通过离线化学还原后使用 HPLC 和化学发光检测来开发。在柴油和汽油发动机废气颗粒物中测定了二硝基芘和硝基芘。