Study on Dimethylsulfide production by phytoplankton based on time-serial observations in the Antarctic Ocean

基于南极海域浮游植物产生二甲硫醚的时间序列观测研究

基本信息

批准号：
14405038
负责人：
ODATE Tsuneo
金额：
$ 9.28万
依托单位：
National Institute of Polar Research
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Dimethylsulfide (DMS) is the most abundant form of volatile sulfur in the ocean. According to the CLAW hypothesis (Charlson et al. 1987), marine DMS production may act as a climate regulatory mechanism via a feedback loop involving surface ocean temperature, phytoplankton, DMS, sulfate aerosol formation, and cloud albedo, although the existence of this feedback has not been proven. Recently, attention has been focused on assessing sinks and sources of DMS in the oceans and on the processes controlling the cycling of DMS in the marine environment. DMS is produced by the enzymatic cleavage of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), an organic compound synthesized by many phytoplankton species. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of biological processes on DMS dynamics in the Antarctic Ocean during the summertime, based on the time-serial observations in the austral summers of 2002/03, 2003/04, and 2004/05. The field data collected in the present study was synthesized in 2005. The present results show that sloppy feeding by Antarctic krill, which is the dominant herbivorousis macrozooplankton of the Antarctic Ocean, a more likely mechanism for producing DMS and dissolved DMSP. Moreover growth phase seems to be related DMSP production by diatoms. This may result in the low concentrations of dissolved DMSP observed in the early stage of diatom blooms under natural conditions. Since these processes on biological production as well as DMS and DMSP production are seem to be affected by variations of sea ice distribution, further study must be required to fully understand the global environment change.

二甲基硫化物（DMS）是海洋中挥发性硫的最丰富形式。根据爪假说（Charlson等，1987），海洋DMS的产生可以通过涉及表面海洋温度，浮游植物，DMS，硫酸盐气溶胶形成和云阿片类的反馈回路充当气候调节机制，尽管尚未证明这种反馈的存在。最近，注意力集中在评估海洋中DMS的水槽和来源以及控制海洋环境中DMS循环的过程中。 DMS是由二甲基磺胺丙酸（DMSP）的酶促切割产生的，这是一种由许多浮游植物物种合成的有机化合物。这项研究的目的是根据夏季期间在南极海洋中生物过程对DMS动力学的影响，基于2002/03、2003/04和2004/05的澳大利亚夏季的时间序列观察。本研究中收集的现场数据于2005年合成。目前的结果表明，南极磷虾的草率喂养是南极海洋的主要草皮曲霉巨型兰克顿，这是一种更可能产生DMS和溶解DMSP的机制。此外，生长阶段似乎与硅藻相关的DMSP产生。这可能会导致在自然条件下硅藻花朵早期观察到的溶解的DMSP低浓度。由于这些关于生物生产以及DMS和DMSP生产的过程似乎受到海冰分布的变化的影响，因此必须需要进一步的研究才能充分了解全球环境变化。