Study on the functions of hydraulic structures and riverbed evolution for the basin-wide sediment managements

水工建筑物和河床演化对全流域泥沙治理的作用研究

• 批准号: 14350265
• 负责人: NAKAGAWA Hajime
• 金额: $ 9.79万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14350265/
• 关键词: sediment yield; sediment management; check dam; topographical change; sediment flushing; groyne; embayment; numerical simulation; 流砂; 河川環境; 多様性; 浮遊砂; バンダル; 流域一貫の土砂管理; 格子型砂防ダム; 土石流; 河道変動; 伝統的河川工法; 流砂系; 砂防施設; ウォッシュロード; 伝統的河川構造物; 透過型砂防ダ

In order to execute appropriate basin-wide sediment managements, it is necessary to know the processes of sediment yield, transport, and deposition. In this research, observations of sediment yield were done and found that in the central Japan, freezing and thawing of the ground influence the amount of sediment yields and it has little correlation with rainfall which will not generate landslides. A rainfall and sediment runoff model and a prediction model of surface landslide were developed where the time variation of moisture contents was taken into account, and the validity of the models was checked by the observed and experimental data. In the sediment transport process, it is very important to discharge sediment downstream from check dams and reservoirs appropriately from the view point of amount of sediment and the diameter. Therefore, a numerical simulation model was developed which can express the jamming process of the big boulders into junglegym-type check dams. The model was found to be valid by the experimental data. Moreover, sediment flushing and sluicing from the reservoir become very important due to environmental problem as well as the problem of the decrease of reservoir functions. The new method to remove the sediment deposited in the reservoir downstream was developed and the availability of it is checked by the experimental data Due to the sediment supply from upstream, middle and downstream regions of the riverbed will be strongly influenced resulting in the variation of the river topography. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of hydraulic structures in the river, a numerical model was developed to simulate the flow and local scour around hydraulic structures. The model was found to be valid by comparing the computed results with experimental data. The functions of traditional riparian works such as Bandal-like structures were also investigated.

为了执行适当的盆地沉积物管理，有必要了解沉积物产量，运输和沉积的过程。在这项研究中，进行了沉积物产量的观察结果，发现在日本中部，冻结和融化会影响沉积物产量的数量，并且与降雨几乎没有相关性，这不会产生滑坡。开发了一个降雨和沉积物径流模型以及表面滑坡的预测模型，其中考虑了水分含量的时间变化，并通过观察到的实验数据检查了模型的有效性。在沉积物传输过程中，从止回水坝下游排放沉积物非常重要，并从沉积物和直径的数量的角度适当地从止回坝和储层中排出。因此，开发了一个数值模拟模型，该模型可以将大巨石的干扰过程表达为Junglegym型检查坝。通过实验数据发现该模型有效。此外，由于环境问题以及储层功能降低的问题，储层的沉积物冲洗和泥浆变得非常重要。开发了清除沉积物沉积物下游沉积物的新方法，并且由于从上游，上游，中部和下游区域的沉积物供应而受到实验数据的可用性将受到强大的影响，从而导致变化河形地形。为了评估河流中液压结构的有效性，开发了一个数值模型来模拟液压结构周围的流量和局部冲刷。通过将计算结果与实验数据进行比较，发现该模型是有效的。还研究了传统河岸作品（例如带状式结构）的功能。

项目成果

Velocity measurements in a river with a series of groynes by a ship-mounted ADCP

通过船载 ADCP 对具有一系列防波堤的河流进行流速测量

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: J. Hydroscience and Hydraulic Engineering 25(In press)
• 作者: Muto;Y.;Kitamura;K.;Baba;Y.;Nakagawa;H
• 通讯作者: H

Flow and bed topography around impermeable spur dykes

不透水丁坝周围的水流和河床地形

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Advances in River Engineering (in Japanese) Vol.9
• 作者: Muto;Y.;Kitamura;K.;Khaleduzzaman;A.T.M.;Nakagawa;H.
• 通讯作者: H.

中川 一, 角 哲也, 三好岩生, 高濱淳一郎, 里深好文, 横森源治: "三峰川流域における土砂の生産と流出に関する観測"河川技術論文集,土木学会水理委員会. 第8巻. 91-96 (2002)

Hajime Nakakawa、Tetsuya Kado、Iwao Miyoshi、Junichiro Takahama、Yoshifumi Satofuka、Genji Yokomori：“三峰河流域沉积物产生和径流的观察”《河流技术学报》，日本土木工程学会水利委员会，第 8 卷，第 91 卷。 -96。（2002）

Scouring around spur-dikes in alluvial floodplain rivers

冲积洪泛区河流中丁坝周围的冲刷

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Annual J.of Hydraulic Engineering, JSCE Vol.48
• 作者: Md.Munsur Rahman;Nakagawa Hajime;Haque M.Anisul
• 通讯作者: Haque M.Anisul

H.Nakagawa, T.Takahashi, Y.Satofuka, K.Kawaike: "Numerical simulation of sediment disasters caused by heavy rainfall in the Camuri Grande basin, Venezuela 1999"Proc. Of the 3^<rd> International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation : Mechanics, Pre

H.Nakakawa，T.Takahashi，Y.Satofuka，K.Kawaike：“1999年委内瑞拉卡穆里格兰德盆地暴雨造成的泥沙灾害的数值模拟”Proc。