A Study of Water Budget in the Desert Area of Northwest China

西北沙漠地区水资源收支研究

• 批准号: 02041043
• 负责人: IKEBUCHI Shuichi
• 金额: $ 2.56万
• 依托单位: Kyoto University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02041043/
• 关键词: Desert; Water Balance; Heat Balance; Evaporation; Groundwater

In order to do research on processes of water and heat balances in desert area the observational systems were established and some preliminary were experiments were implemented on Heihe River Basin in Gansu.1. Survey of hydrological characteristics in Heihe areaThe Heife Area is located in the dry area along the Gobi desert. In addition to other conditions such as atmospheric forcing and land surface state. The behavior of heat balance and the real evapotranspiration in this area depend on the soil moisture near surface ground and underground because the surface ground does not keep the wet condition.This survey was done in order to obtain the data available for analysis of heat and water balances in the area and estimation of evapotranspiration. As the first step the groundwater table and its physiochemical characteristics such as PH and electrical conductivity were measured.2. Boring of observational well and holes for observing the soil moistureThe new observational well was digged by the boring machine near the basic station of desert. Its depth was 15m and groundwater level was about 4m. And in order to get the data continuously four water-level recorders were established at this new well and the existing wells.3. Measurement of thermal characteristics of sandy layer in desert area. Their results were 2.0X10^<-3>cal/cm・sec・^0 C in thermal conductivity and 0.32cal/cm^<3.0> c in heat capacity.These results will be available in the Sino-Japan Cooperational Program on hydrological observation in Heihe area (HEIFE), 1991-1993.

为了研究荒漠地区的水热平衡过程，在甘肃黑河流域建立了观测系统并进行了初步试验。1．黑河地区水文特征调查黑河地区地处干旱地区。除了大气强迫和地表状态等其他条件外，该地区的热平衡和实际蒸散量还取决于地表和地下的土壤湿度，因为地表不保持土壤湿度。湿的进行这项调查是为了获得可用于分析该地区的热量和水平衡以及估计蒸散量的数据。作为第一步，测量了地下水位及其物理化学特征，例如 PH 和电导率。 2．观测井钻孔及土壤湿度观测孔新观测井是在沙漠基本站附近用钻孔机挖的，深度为15m，地下水位约4m，以便连续获取数据。在该新井和现有井上安装了水位记录仪。3．沙漠地区沙层热特性测量结果为2.0X10^<-3>cal/cm·sec·^0 C。热容量为0.32cal/cm^<3.0> c。这些结果将在中日黑河地区水文观测合作计划（HEIFE）中提供， 1991-1993。