Development of sustainable and environmentally sound rice production technology using slags, iron containing materials

利用矿渣、含铁材料开发可持续且无害环境的稻米生产技术

基本信息

批准号：
13660061
负责人：
ITO Toyoaki
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A field study was conducted to examine whether iron containing materials (ICM) composed of slags were effective in mitigating methane emission from paddy fields and increasing rice production. Addition of ICM (1kg m^<-2>) increased the grain yield of rice but could not alleviate methane emission for two years in paddy fields of 6 soils with different levels of easily reducible ferric iron and easily decomposable organic matter. All of the commercial ICM tested (10 materials) increased methane productions from a submerged paddy soil which was alluvial soil with low content of free iron oxide, compared with the soil without ICM. Increase of methane productions by addition of ICM was derived from the facts that ICM contained small amounts of reducible Iron oxide and stimulated organic matter decompositions by raising soil pH. The properties of ICM were improved by adding HCl. While two kinds of original ICM increased the grain yields of rice and methane emission from paddy fields, two kinds of altered ICM increased silicon contents of rice plant and the grain yields by 34-46 % and decreased methane emission by 10-41% compared with no addition of ICM. The improved ICM did not increased pH of the paddy soil and supplied large amounts of reducible iron oxide. That is the reason why the improved ICM alleviated methane emission from submerged paddy fields. It was concluded that the application of improved iron containing materials was effective option as a sustainable and environmentally sound rice production technology.

进行了一项实地研究，以检验由矿渣组成的含铁材料（ICM）是否能有效减少稻田甲烷排放和提高水稻产量。在6种易还原性三价铁和易分解有机质含量不同的土壤的稻田中，添加ICM（1kg·m^-2>）两年来提高了水稻产量，但未能减少甲烷排放。与没有 ICM 的土壤相比，所有测试的商业 ICM（10 种材料）都增加了淹没稻田的甲烷产量，该稻田是游离氧化铁含量较低的冲积土。通过添加 ICM 增加甲烷产量是因为 ICM 含有少量可还原的氧化铁，并通过提高土壤 pH 值来刺激有机物分解。通过添加HCl改善了ICM的性能。两种原ICM提高了水稻产量和稻田甲烷排放量，而两种改良ICM则使水稻硅含量和粮食产量提高了34-46%，甲烷排放量减少了10-41%。不添加ICM。改进后的ICM不会增加稻田土壤的pH值并提供大量的可还原氧化铁。这就是改进的ICM减少了水下稻田甲烷排放的原因。结论是，应用改良的含铁材料是可持续且无害环境的水稻生产技术的有效选择。