PROCESSING OF VISUAL SHAPE AND SURFACE IN THE TEMPORAL ASSOCIATION CORTEX

颞联合皮层视觉形状和表面的处理

• 批准号: 13308046
• 负责人: FUJITA Ichiro
• 金额: $ 13.06万
• 依托单位: OSAKA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13308046/
• 关键词: visual recognition; binocular disparity; association cortex; primate; GABA; temporal lobe; depth perception; stereopsis; 大脳皮質; 視覚連合野; 物体認識; 多細胞活動同時記録; 光学測定; コラム構造; 抑制性伝達物質; 受容野; ビキュキュリン

Neurons in the inferior temporal cortex (IT) of the primate respond selectively to a particular range, of shape, color, texture, and binocular disparity. The stimulus selectivity of IT neurons is thought to underlie discrimination, recognition and memory of complex visual objects and their surface structure. Elucidation of how and where this complex stimulus selectivity is generated constitutes a critical step towards understanding the neural mechanisms responsible for these cognitive processes. In this project, we clarified the following aspects of the processing of visual shape and surfaces in the IT and its preceding stage, area V4.(1) IT neurons respond to shape defined solely by binocular disparity(2) V4 neurons are sensitive to binocular disparity.(3) Many V4 neurons lose binocular disparity selectivity when right-eye and left-eye images are contrast reversed with each other, suggesting that the binocular correspondence problem is solved along the occipitotemporal visual pathway.(4) GABA-mediated inhibition contributes to shaping receptive field structures and selectivity for texture of IT neurons.(5) Inhibitory interneurons in IT are as selective for stimulus shape as are excitatory IT neurons.

灵长类动物下颞叶皮层 (IT) 的神经元选择性地对特定范围的形状、颜色、纹理和双眼视差做出反应。 IT神经元的刺激选择性被认为是复杂视觉对象及其表面结构的辨别、识别和记忆的基础。阐明这种复杂的刺激选择性如何以及在何处产生是理解负责这些认知过程的神经机制的关键一步。在本项目中，我们阐明了 IT 及其前一阶段 V4 区域中视觉形状和表面处理的以下方面。(1) IT 神经元对仅由双眼视差定义的形状做出反应 (2) V4 神经元对双眼视差敏感(3) 当右眼和左眼图像彼此对比度相反时，许多 V4 神经元失去双眼视差选择性，这表明双眼对应问题沿着枕颞视觉通路得到解决。(4) GABA 介导的抑制有助于塑造 IT 神经元的感受野结构和纹理选择性。(5) IT 中的抑制性中间神经元与兴奋性 IT 神经元一样对刺激形状具有选择性。

项目成果

Tamura, H. et al.: "Inhibitory mechanisms underlying stimulus-selective responses of inferior temporal neurons."The Neural Basis of Early Vision. 11. 245-249 (2003)

Tamura, H. 等人：“下颞神经元刺激选择性反应的抑制机制。”早期视觉的神经基础。

DeFelipe, J. et al.: "Neocortical circuits : evolutionary aspects and specificity versus non-specificity of synaptic connections. Remarks, main conclusions and general comments and discussion."J.Neurocytol.. 31. 387-416 (2002)

DeFelipe, J. 等人：“新皮质回路：突触连接的进化方面以及特异性与非特异性。备注、主要结论以及一般评论和讨论。”J.Neurocytol.. 31. 387-416 (2002)

Tamura, H. et al.: "Presumed inhibitory neurons in the macaque inferior temporal cortex : visual response properties and functional interactions with adjacent neurons"Journal of Neurophysiology. (In press).

Tamura, H. 等人：“猕猴下颞叶皮层中假定的抑制性神经元：视觉反应特性以及与邻近神经元的功能相互作用”神经生理学杂志。

田辺誠司 他: "両眼立体視の脳内表現"神経回路学会誌 解説論文. in press. (2004)

Seiji Tanabe 等人：“双眼立体视觉的大脑表示”，神经网络学会杂志，解释性论文（2004 年）。

Fujita, I.: "The inferior temporal cortex : architecture, computation, and representation"Journal of Neurocytology. 31. 359-371 (2003)

Fujita, I.：“下颞叶皮层：结构、计算和表示”神经细胞学杂志。