Study of synaptic transmissions on hair cells

毛细胞突触传递的研究

• 批准号: 01440021
• 负责人: OHMORI Harunori
• 金额: $ 17.54万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY (1992)Okazaki National Research Institutes (1989-1991)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01440021/
• 关键词: Hair cell; afferent synapse; efferent synapse; 神経伝達物質; グルタミン酸; アセチルコリン; ムスカリン受容体; 内耳; 顕微測光

Hair cells of the inner ear is the transducer cell of mechanical energy. Namely, the informations of sound, balance and accelerations are transduced into the electrical signal and then transmitted to the central nervous system. From the central nervous system some feedback informations are returned to the peripheral hearing organ to inhibit the hair cell. I have aimed in this research to investigate both the afferent and efferent synapses on to the hair cell, by utilizing a slice preparation of the cochlear. However, making a good slice of the hearing organ was extremely difficult, because of the mixture of hard and soft structures. I have therefore focused on the analysis by utilizing cutout preparation of vestibular organ and on the experiments with isolated hair cells. Afferent synapse activities were recorded in the cut-out preparation of vestibular organ, and the differences of the synaptic potential appearance, probably the mechanism of synapse transmission too, were detected between bouton type and calyx type synapses. The isolated hair cells were mainly studied in the analysis of acetylcholine effects. Acetylcholine hyperpolarized the hair cell membrane by increasing intracellular Ca concentration and by activating K conductance. The transmitter released from hair cell was concluded most likely as glutamate also by utilizing the isolated hair cell preparation together with cultured neuron with high glutamate receptor sensityvity.

内耳的毛细胞是机械能的传导细胞。即声音、平衡和加速度的信息被转换成电信号，然后传输到中枢神经系统。一些反馈信息从中枢神经系统返回到周围听觉器官以抑制毛细胞。在这项研究中，我的目的是利用耳蜗切片来研究毛细胞的传入和传出突触。然而，由于硬结构和软结构的混合，制作好听觉器官的切片极其困难。因此，我将重点放在利用前庭器官的切片制备进行分析以及使用分离的毛细胞进行的实验上。在前庭器官的切片制备中记录传入突触活动，并检测布顿型和萼型突触之间突触电位外观的差异，这也可能是突触传递的机制。分离的毛细胞主要用于乙酰胆碱效应分析。乙酰胆碱通过增加细胞内 Ca 浓度和激活 K 电导使毛细胞膜超极化。通过将分离的毛细胞制剂与具有高谷氨酸受体敏感性的培养神经元一起使用，从毛细胞释放的递质也很可能是谷氨酸。

项目成果

Ohmori,H.: "Mechanoーelectical transduction and efferent synrpse on the hair cell." Biomedical Research. 12. 207-209 (1991)

Ohmori, H.：“毛细胞上的机械电传导和传出突触。”生物医学研究 12. 207-209 (1991)。

Ohmori,H.: "Mechanoーelectrical transduction and muscarinic cholinergic responses in the chick hair cell." Neuroscience Research. suppl.12. S51-S62 (1990)

Ohmori, H.：“小鸡毛细胞中的机械电传导和毒蕈碱胆碱能反应。”增刊 S51-S62（1990）。

Ashmore,J.F.: "Control of intracellular calcium by ATP in isolated outer hair cells of the guinea pig cochlea." Journal of Physiology. 428. 109-131 (1990)

Ashmore, J.F.：“豚鼠耳蜗分离的外毛细胞中 ATP 对细胞内钙的控制。”

Kimituki,T.: "The effect of caged calcium release on the adaptation of the transduction current in chick hair cells." Journal of Physiology. 458. 27-40 (1992)

Kimituki,T.：“笼中钙释放对鸡毛细胞转导电流适应的影响。”

Ohmori,H.: "Mechanoーelectrical transduction in the chicken hair cell" Actr Otolaryngology. Suppl.481. 1-4 (1991)

Ohmori, H.：“鸡毛细胞中的机械电传导”Actr Otolaryngology Suppl.481 (1991)。