Hydrogen Production from Unutilized Biomass by Anaerobic Bacteria

厌氧细菌从未利用的生物质生产氢气

基本信息

批准号：
12794004
负责人：
OHMIYA Kunio
金额：
$ 12.74万
依托单位：
Mie University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for University and Society Collaboration
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The research was fulfilled under the support of the Grant-in-Aid for University and Society Collaboration (MEXT) in Aichi Prefecture-Nagoya City Area for microbial conversion of solid waste to hydrogen gas by using a chitinolytic anaerobe Clostridium paraputrificum M-21. The productivity of the gas from shrimp shell was increased by improving fermentation ability of the organism by genetic manipulation and by optimization of its cultivation conditions. The details are as follows :1. C. paraputrificum M-21 isolated from Mie University Campus soil can grow on chitin main high polymer in shrimp shell. Its doubling time was about 30 min when cultivated on N-acetylglucosamin.2. The genes encoding chitinases and hydrogenase were cloned and their DNA sequences were determined. These enzymes produced by the Escherichia coli transformants were characterized.3. The host-vector system for Clostridium perfringens was successfully applied to transform C.paraputrificum.4. Chitinases and hydrogenase of C.paraputrificum were fortified by integrating their genes into the organism by electroporation. The respective transformants revealed higher activities of chitin degradation and hydrogen gas production than wild ones. Hydrogen production was increased up to about 3 mol H2/mol glucose.5. The biogas produced by the transformant consisted of hydrogen (65%) and carbon dioxide (35%) and screwed propeller when the gas was charged to a fuel cell.6. A two-vessel fermentor consisting of two fermentors, one for hydrogen and one for methane production was constructed and used to optimize pHs at 6 and 7, respectively.7. Methane fermentation followed by hydrogen fermentation using the two-vessel fermentor enhanced gas production and reduction of solid waste.

这项研究是在Aichi县纳戈亚城地区的大学和社会合作授予的赠款的支持下进行的，该研究通过使用甲丁蛋白水解厌氧菌M-21，用于将固体废物转换为氢气的微生物转化。通过遗传操纵和优化其培养条件来提高生物体的发酵能力，从而提高了来自虾壳的气体的生产率。细节如下：1。从MIE University校园分离的C. Paraputificum M-21可以在虾壳中的几丁质主要高聚合物上生长。当在N-乙酰葡萄糖上种植时，它的两倍时间约为30分钟。2。克隆编码几丁质酶和氢化酶的基因，并确定其DNA序列。表征了大肠杆菌转化体产生的这些酶3。成功地应用了用于转化coparaputrificum.4的宿主载体系统。通过电穿孔将其基因整合到生物体中，可以强化叶酸乳杆菌的几丁质酶和氢化酶。各自的转化体显示，比野生气体的降解和氢气产生的活性更高。氢的产生增加到约3 mol H2/mol葡萄糖5。当将气体充电至燃料电池时，由氢（65％）和二氧化碳（35％）和螺旋螺旋桨组成的沼气由氢（65％）和螺旋桨组成。6。构建了一个由两个发酵罐组成的两种船尾发酵罐，一个用于氢，一个用于甲烷的生产，并分别用于优化6和7时的pH值。7。甲烷发酵，然后使用两种船尾发酵罐增强气体产生和固体废物的减少进行氢发酵。