Study on the nutrient accumulation process during the initial soil formation Process

成土初期养分积累过程研究

基本信息

批准号：
12660057
负责人：
HIGASHI Teruo
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12660057/
关键词：
soil formation Miyakejima Island scoria soil nutrition

项目摘要

This study aims to investigate the nutrients accumulation process in the initial soil formation process. Study field was Miyakejima Island where the vegetation and its primary succession is well documented and typical initial soil formation process from scoria of different age of deposition. The results obtained are as follows :1) According to the soil survey on the scoria hills of 1983, 1962, 1940, 1974 and more than 1000 years, the development of soil profiles shows A/C profile up to 1874 with increasing the thickness of A horizon, classified as Immature Soils, while cambic Bhorizon is developed on the scoria hill of more than 100 years, classified as Brown Forest Soils.2) Based on the analyses for particle size distribution, pH, water-soluble and exchangeable bases, total carbon and nitrogen, CEC, oxalate-extractable Al, Fe, Si, and clay mineral composition on the soil samples from each horizon of 5 representative soil profiles, the following characteristics of nutrient accumulation … More during the initial soil formation process from scoria.(1) The fraction of more than 2 mm decreased, while sum of silt and clay fractions increased from 0.8 % to 48 %. And, accumulation process of soil organic matter is increased from 0.04 % to 9.15 % in the surface horizon. Moreover, nature of clay fractions is still amorphous, but the amount of oxalate-extractable Al+1/2Fe apparently increased. Due to these increases expressed as logarithm of the duration of time, CEC also increased from 0.64 to 21.75 cmolc/kg corresponding with the increase in water-soluble and exchangeable bases(Ca, Mg, K, Na) especially in the latter, which support the base saturation degree of nearly 100 % characteristic for this kind of soils studied in the early stage of soil formation.(2) Available phosphorus and nitrate and ammonium ions extracted with water and 1N KCl also increased, showing the similar tendency with the increase in CEC.From all results obtained above, it can be concluded that the rate of nutrition accumulation in the soils under the primary succession of about 1000 years (from bare land of scoria to climax of Castanopsis forest) is estimated for the first time in the world. Less

本研究以三宅岛为研究对象，对不同沉积年代的火山渣的初始演替过程进行了典型的研究，得到的结果如下。如下：1）根据1983年、1962年、1940年、1974年等1000多年对火山渣山的土壤调查，土壤剖面发展显示A/C剖面至1874年，随着A层厚度的增加，归类为未成熟土壤，而成层状Bhorizon则在100多年的矿渣山上发育，归类为棕色森林土壤。 2）根据颗粒尺寸分布、pH、 5 个代表性土壤的每个层位的土壤样品中的水溶性和交换性碱、总碳和氮、CEC、草酸盐可提取的 Al、Fe、Si 和粘土矿物成分从矿渣成土初期的剖面来看，养分积累的特点如下。(1)大于2毫米的部分减少，而粉粒和粘土部分的总和从0.8%增加到48%，并且积累过程。地表土壤有机质含量从 0.04% 增加到 9.15%。此外，粘土部分的性质仍然是无定形的，但可提取草酸盐的量。 Al+1/2Fe 明显增加，由于这些增加以持续时间的对数表示，CEC 也从 0.64 cmolc/kg 增加到 21.75 cmolc/kg，相应于水溶性和交换性碱（Ca、Mg、K、Na）的增加。）特别是后者，支持了在成土早期研究的此类土壤的基本饱和度接近100％的特征。（2）速效磷和硝酸盐和水和1N KCl提取的铵离子也增加，与CEC的增加表现出相似的趋势。从以上所有结果可以得出，在大约1000年的初级演替下，土壤中养分积累的速率（从裸露的矿渣地到栲树林的顶峰）估计在世界上尚属首次。