A Study on Optimum Location Problems of Obnoxious Facilities Considering the Distance Weighted by Environmental Conditions

考虑环境条件加权距离的讨厌设施优化选址问题研究

基本信息

批准号：
12650610
负责人：
OIKAWA Kiyoaki
金额：
$ 1.6万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12650610/
关键词：
Obnoxious Facility Location Problem Weber Problem NIMBY Max-Min Allocation Problem Equity Measure Optimum Allocation Gini Coefficient 大気汚染電波障害メディアン問題重み付け距離

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to divise a new method of allocation of "obnoxious facilities", which are supposed to be disliked by many inhabitants, such as the garbage incineration plant and the sewage disposal plant. This method includes variables relating to both the distance between the facilities and the inhabitants around them, and the natural-social condition.First, we extracted various published information about obnoxious facilities, and classified it. Second, we categorized location problems of those facilities by objective functions of optimization, and formulated them : (1) minimization of the amount of obnoxiousness, (2) relief of the inhabitants and area fuffering the greatest damage, (3) equalization of the amount of the obnoxiousness. In addition, we also formulated (4) consideration of the environmental conditions ; minimization of the damage of the air pollution, the radio interference and so on.In order to understand the basic nature of each location problem, we measured the appropriateness of the location, under the condition that single facility is installed in the area, and tried to express it as equivalent lines. As a result, in the area hypothesized that the inhabitants are distributed uniformly and densely, both the periphery and the cneter of the objective area can be an optimal location of an obnoxious facility. Thus we found that the location problem of obnoxious facilities leads to which objective function we attach importance. Therfore, we devised a procedure to conprehensively dicide an optimal location of the facility by the summation of weighted parameters of each objective function. As a concrete application of this processing, we take up the location problem of a garbage incineration plant at Meguro Ward in Tokyo, and compared and evaluated the logically optimal location, the nominated location and the present location, and discussed the results.

本研究的目的是对垃圾焚烧厂、污水处理厂等许多居民不喜欢的“讨厌设施”提出一种新的分配方法。该方法包括与设施与其周围居民之间的距离以及自然社会条件相关的变量。首先，我们提取了有关令人讨厌设施的各种已发布信息，并将其分类。其次，我们通过优化的目标函数对这些设施的选址问题进行了分类，并将其表述为：（1）令人讨厌的数量最小化，（2）居民和遭受最大损害的地区的救济，（3）数量的均衡的令人厌恶。此外，我们还制定了（4）环境条件的考虑；尽量减少空气污染、无线电干扰等的损害。为了了解每个选址问题的基本性质，我们在该地区安装单一设施的情况下测量了选址的适当性，并尝试将其表示为等价线。因此，在假设居民分布均匀且密集的区域中，目标区域的外围和中心都可以是令人讨厌设施的最佳位置。由此我们发现，讨厌设施的选址问题导致了我们重视哪个目标函数。因此，我们设计了一种通过对每个目标函数的加权参数求和来综合确定设施的最佳位置的程序。作为该处理的具体应用，我们研究了东京目黑区垃圾焚烧厂的选址问题，对逻辑最佳选址、提名选址和当前选址进行了比较和评估，并对结果进行了讨论。