Evolution of eusociality by using paper wasps as model organisms

使用纸黄蜂作为模式生物的真社会性进化

• 批准号: 12304048
• 负责人: KASUYA Eiji
• 金额: $ 13.51万
• 依托单位: KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12304048/
• 关键词: paper wasps; eusociality; kin selection; altruism; queen; relatedness; social insect; wasp; 利他的行動; ワーカー; 血縁度; ヘッドスタート; ミュラー擬態; 系統関係

Evolution of eusociality in paper wasps was studied by using three approaches, (1) estimation of relatedness among individuals, (2) measuring the benefit and cost accompanying with eusociality, and (3) analysis of phylogenetic relationships. Methods for experimental analyses both in field and laboratory were developed. Highly variable genetic markers are necessary for the estimation of relatedness among individual wasps. We used micro satellite DNA as the genetic marker for this purpose. This demonstrated the monoandry of queens and the absence of worker opposition in queen right colonies in some species, and the unique features of species with worker oviposition like Polistes chinensis. The benefit and cost with eusociality were measured by using the demographic data. This method of the estimation has been considered as best at present. We made the quantitative evaluation of the hypotheses for the evolution of eusociality including 3/4 kin selection hypothesis, from the estimated relatedness, cost and benefit. We also made the quantitative assessment of direct and indirect (via reproduction of other individuals) effects on inclusive fitness. The validity of the assumptions in the estimation, which were implicit or explicit, were examined by the results of the experimental studies. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by using the sequence data of DNA. They also enabled the analyses of the trait evolution in paper wasps.

通过使用三种方法，（1）个体之间的相关性估计，（2）测量伴随欧洲社会性的收益和成本，以及（3）分析系统发育关系的分析。开发了现场和实验室实验分析的方法。高度可变的遗传标记对于估计单个黄蜂之间的相关性是必要的。为此，我们使用微卫星DNA作为遗传标记。这表明了皇后区的单条小子和某些物种中皇后右殖民地中没有工人的反对，以及具有诸如polistes polistes chinensis的工人产卵的物种的独特特征。通过使用人口统计数据来衡量以互联度的好处和成本。目前，这种估计方法被认为是最好的。我们从估计的相关性，成本和收益中对包括3/4 KIN选择假设（包括3/4 KIN选择假设）的假设进行了定量评估。我们还对直接和间接（通过其他个体的再现）进行了定量评估对包容性适应性的影响。通过实验研究的结果检查了估计假设的有效性，这些假设是隐式或显式的。使用DNA的序列数据构建系统发育树。它们还启用了纸黄蜂中特质演变的分析。

项目成果

Kudo,K.,S.Hozumi,H.Yamamoto and So.Yamane: "Amino acid composition of the protein in preemergence nests of Polistes (Polistes) riparius, and its similarity to the consubgeneric wasp, P(P.) chinensis (Hymenoptera : Vespidae)."J.of Ethology. 18. 75-77 (2000

Kudo，K.，S.Hozumi，H.Yamamoto 和 So.Yamane：“马蜂 (Polistes) riparius 出苗前巢中蛋白质的氨基酸组成，及其与同亚属黄蜂 P(P.) chinensis (Hymenoptera) 的相似性

Tsuchida, K., Nagata, N., Kojima, J.: "Diplold males and sex determination in a paper wasp, Polistes chinensis"Insectes Sociaux. 49. 120-124 (2002)

Tsuchida, K.、Nagata, N.、Kojima, J.：“纸黄蜂 Polistes chinensis 中的双倍雄性和性别决定”昆虫社会。

Tsuchida, K., T.Saigo, S.Tsujita, K.Takeuchi, N.Ito, M.Sugiyama: "Polymorphic microsatellite loci for the Japanese paper wasp, Polistes chinensis"Molecular Ecology Notes. (発表予定).

Tsuchida, K., T.Saigo, S.Tsujita, K.Takeuchi, N.Ito, M.Sugiyama：“日本纸黄蜂 Polistes chinensis 的多态微卫星位点”分子生态学笔记（待出版）。

Tsuji, K., Kasuya, E.: "What do indices of reproductive skew measure?"American Naturalist. 158. 155-165 (2001)

Tsuji, K.、Kasuya, E.：“生殖偏差指数衡量什么？”美国博物学家。

Kojima, J.: "A critique of variable reduction methods to analyze morphological caste differences in social"Journal of the New York Entomological Society. 108. 332-338 (2001)

小岛，J.：“对分析社会形态种姓差异的变量还原方法的批评”纽约昆虫学会杂志。