An epidemiological study on the effects of traffic-related particulate matters on bronchial responsiveness in children

交通颗粒物对儿童支气管反应性影响的流行病学研究

基本信息

批准号：
11670336
负责人：
SHIMA Masayuki
金额：
$ 0.77万
依托单位：
CHIBA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11670336/
关键词：
peak expiratory flow forced expiratory volume in one second serum IgE automobile exhaust suspended particulate matter nitrogen dioxide trunk roads

项目摘要

To investigate the effects of traffic-related particulate matters on bronchial responsiveness, an epidemiological study was conducted among pupils from six elementary schools that located near trunk roads with heavy traffic. Peak expiratory flow (PEFR) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV_1) were recorded twice daily for 3 weeks. The acute effects of air pollution were evaluated by the association of the concentrations of suspended particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide with PEFR and FEV_1. Respiratory symptoms were evaluated using a standard questionnaire. Serum concentrations of IgE, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) were determined. We collected complete data from 480 children during three years (1999-2001). The daily measurements of PEFR and FEV_1. were useful to evaluate airway obstruction objectively. The significant decrease in PEFR and FEV_1 in response to the increase of air pollution levels was more common among children with asthma or wheezing, and children with high concentrations of serum IgE or EDN. Among children without sthma or wheezing, the significant decrease in pulmonary function values in response to air pollution levels was observed frequently in children with high concentration's of serum IgE or EDN. In addition, the incidence rate of asthma during three years was higher among children with high concentrations of serum IgE or EDN than those with low concentrations. In conclusion, the children with asthma or wheezing and high concentrations of serum IgE or EDN were susceptible to particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide from automobile exhaust. The relationship between diesel exhaust particles and allergic disposition in children should be further evaluated.

为了调查与交通相关的颗粒物对支气管反应性的影响，对位于交通繁忙的主干道附近的六所小学的学生进行了一项流行病学研究。每天记录两次峰值呼气流量 (PEFR) 和一秒用力呼气量 (FEV_1)，持续 3 周。通过悬浮颗粒物和二氧化氮浓度与 PEFR 和 FEV_1 的关联来评估空气污染的急性影响。使用标准问卷评估呼吸道症状。测定 IgE、嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白 (ECP) 和嗜酸性粒细胞衍生神经毒素 (EDN) 的血清浓度。我们收集了三年（1999-2001）期间 480 名儿童的完整数据。 PEFR 和 FEV_1 的每日测量值。有助于客观评估气道阻塞。随着空气污染水平的增加，PEFR 和 FEV_1 显着下降在患有哮喘或喘息的儿童以及血清 IgE 或 EDN 浓度较高的儿童中更为常见。在没有哮喘或喘息的儿童中，在血清 IgE 或 EDN 浓度较高的儿童中，经常观察到肺功能值因空气污染水平而显着下降。此外，血清IgE或EDN浓度高的儿童三年内哮喘发病率高于浓度低的儿童。总之，患有哮喘或喘息且血清IgE或EDN浓度较高的儿童容易受到汽车尾气颗粒物和二氧化氮的影响。应进一步评估柴油机尾气颗粒物与儿童过敏性状之间的关系。