Study on Change in River Landscape in Alluvial Fun Rivers and Its Restoration

冲积乐趣河河流景观变化及其恢复研究

基本信息

批准号：
11650523
负责人：
TSUJIMOTO Tetsuro
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
NAGOYA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11650523/
关键词：
Alluvial fun river Degradation of riverbed Forestation in rivers River Landscape Evaluation method of habitat River restoration 河床低下河相変質伏流

项目摘要

The aim of the project is to establish the method to predict and evaluate the change in river landscape in alluvial fun rivers where both sediment supply and peak discharge of floods have been decreased due to dam constructions. First, several individual topics observed in the rivers have been investigated using field data, flume experiments and numerical simulations. Second, the synthesized processes including the response of trees in a river to the change of the geomorphology have been discussed in order to seek proper restoration method of the rivers. The results have been summarized as below :1. Comparison between two rivers -The Tedori River and The Abe RiverThe changes in geomorphology and vegetated area in the Tedori River and those in the Abe River have been compared using survey data and aerial photographs. The two rivers have almost same drainage area and bed-slope in an alluvial reach. The Tedori River has a large dam, but the Abe River does not. The results show that the de … More crease of the peak discharge in floods causes the thriving of vegetation in a channel.2. Processes of geomorphology and growth of vegetated areaThe following processes are investigated in detail.(1) Sediment transport process in a channel with vegetated area(2) Patterns of growing vegetation area concerned to ground water level and deposited bed-material(3) Flood damage and/or advantage on vegetationThese investigations have emphasized the importance of the interaction among vegetation, geomorphology and water regime.3. Modeling of vegetation dynamics due to decrease of peak discharge in floodsThe effect of the decrease of peak discharge in floods on the growth of vegetation has been modeled in order to evaluate the changing landscape due to dam constructions. The model has successfully predicted the thriving of vegetation in the Terori River, and it would be one of powerful tools to discuss the change in river landscape.4. Evaluation method of changing habitatThe IFIM/PHABSIM method has been modified by adding the idea for synthesis of several different life-stages of a fish species. The method has also been cooperated with sediment transport model in order to discuss the effects of the change in geomorphology and vegetation pattern on the habitat.5. Toward restorationThe environmentally sound and cost-effective methods for the restoration of the rivers have been discussed base on the results shown in the above. Less

该项目的目的是建立一种方法来预测和评估冲积乐趣河流中河流景观的变化，这些河流中的沉积物供应和洪水峰值流量都因大坝建设而减少。其次，讨论了河流中树木对地貌变化的响应的综合过程，以寻求适当的河流恢复方法。总结如下:1. 手取川和安倍川两条河流的比较利用调查数据和航空照片对手取川和安倍川的地貌和植被面积的变化进行了比较。两条河流的流域面积和植被面积几乎相同。冲积河段的河床斜坡有一座大坝，但安倍河没有。结果表明，洪水峰值流量的减少导致植被繁茂。 2.植被区地貌及生长过程详细研究了以下过程：(1)植被区河道泥沙输移过程(2)植被区生长格局与地下水位和沉积床的关系材料(3) 洪水损害和/或对植被调查的优势这些调查强调了植被、地貌和水情之间相互作用的重要性。3．由于洪水峰值流量减少而对植被动态进行建模。为了评估大坝建设造成的景观变化，我们对洪水峰值流量对植被生长的影响进行了建模。该模型成功地预测了特罗里河植被的繁盛，这将成为讨论水坝建设的有力工具之一。 4、栖息地变化评价方法对IFIM/PHABSIM方法进行了修改，加入了鱼类不同生命阶段综合的思想，并与泥沙输运模型相结合进行讨论。变化的影响5.基于上述结果讨论了对环境无害且具有成本效益的河流恢复方法。